Ch.1 Structural Organization Flashcards
9 Levels of Structural Organization in order of increasing complexity
- Atom
- Molecule
- Macromolecule (carb, lipid, proteins, nucleic acids[DNA, RNA])
- Organelles
- Cells
- Tissues
- Organs
- Organ Systems (11)
- Human organism
11 Organ Systems
Structures (3), Pathways (3), In-N-Out (3), Hormones (2)
Structures (3)
1. Integumentary System
2. Skeletal System
3. Muscular System
Pathways (3)
4. Nervous System
5. Cardiovascular System
6. Lymphatic System
In-N-Out (3)
7. Respiratory System
8. Digestive System
9. Urinary System
Hormones (2)
10. Endocrine System
11. Reproductive System
Integumentary System function (4) and organs (5)
tegere = to cover
Function: 1. protection from environmental hazards
2. regulation of body temp
3. synthesis of Vitamin D
4. Provides sensory info
Organs: Hair, Skin, Nails, Sweat glands, Sebaceous glands (피지샘)
Skeletal System function (5) and organs (6)
Function: 1. support
2. protection
3. movement
4. Ca++ and other minerals store
5. hematopoiesis (조혈 = forms blood cells)
Organs: Bones, Joints, Cartilage, Ligaments, Tendons, Bone marrow
Muscular System function (4) and organs (2)
Function: Movement, Protection, Support, heat production
Organs: Skeletal muscles, tendons
Nervous System function (3) and organs (4)
Function: 1.Coordinates/moderates activities of other organ systems
2. Directs immediate response to stimuli
3. Provides and interprets sensory info about external conditions
Organs: Brain, Spinal cord, Peripheral Nerves, Sense organs
Endocrine System function (3) and organs (6)
Function: 1. Directs long-term changes 2. adjusts metabolic activity and energy use 3. Controls structural and functional changes during development
Organs: Glands (3) - pituitary, thyroid, adrenal; Pancreas (콩팥), Gonads (Testes/Ovaries), Endocrine tissues in other systems
Cardiovascular System function (2) and organs (3)
Function: 1. Distributes oxygen, CO2, water, nutrients, and wastes
2. Distributes heat for temperature control
Organs: Heart, Blood vessels, blood
Lymphatic System function (2) and organs (5)
Function: 1. Return tissue fluid to bloodstream
2. fight infections
Organs: Thymus (흉선, 가슴샘, lymphatic gland), Lymph nodes, Lymphatic vessels, Spleen (비장), Tonsils
Respiratory System function (4) and organs (8)
Function: 1. Delivers air to alveoli 2. exchange of gases (O2 and CO2)
3. maintenance of blood pH and electrolytes 4. Produce sounds for communication
Organs: Nasal cavities, Sinuses, Pharynx (인두), Larynx (후두), Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, Alveoli
Digestive System function (3) and organs (10)
Function: 1. Break down food for absorption (also absorbs water)
2. Remove undigested waste 3. Stores energy reserves
Organs: Teeth, Tongue, Pharynx (인두), Esophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine.
Accessory organs: Liver, Gallbladder (담낭), Pancreas
Urinary System function (4) and organs (4)
Function:
1. Removes metabolic wastes from blood
2. Controls water balance
3. Stores urine until elimination
4. Regulates blood pH and blood ions
Organs: Kidneys, Ureters (요관), Urinary bladder, Urethra (요도)
Male Reproductive System function (2) and organs (9)
Function: 1. Produce sex hormones and gametes, 2. Deliver gametes to female by intercourse and ejaculation of sperms
Organs: Epididymis (부고환), Testes, Vas deferens (ductus deferens, sperm duct, 정관), prostate gland, seminal vesicle (정낭), bulbourethral glands (요도샘), urethra (요도), penis, scrotum
Female Reproductive System function (4) and organs (8)
Function: 1. Produces sex hormones and gametes, 2. Supports embryo/fetus, 3. Produces milk for infant, 4. sexual intercourse
Organs: Ovaries, Uterus, Mammary glands, Fallopian (uterine) tubes, Cervix, Vagina, Labia, Clitoris
Retroperitoneal organs (7)
Kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, nerve roots, lymph nodes, abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava
