Chapter 24: MNT for Prostate Cancer Flashcards
T/F: prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in men
True
Prostate cancer has been linked to _____ hormones.
Androgen
T/F: 95% of prostate cancers are adenocarcinomas
True
What is the 5-year survival rate for prostate cancer?
97.8%
Risk factors for prostate cancer
Age (>65)
More prevalent in North America and Northern Europe
More prevalent in black males in the USA
10% of cases a/w family hx and genetics. Risk doubles with 1st degree relative having had prostate cancer.
Screening for prostate cancer includes
Prostate specific antigen (PSA)
Common Chemos for advanced prostate cancer
Cabazitaxel (Jevtana)
Docetaxel (Taxotere)
Mitoxantronen (Novantrone)
Estramustine (Emcyt)
Typical treatment for early prostate cancer
Active surveillance
Surgery
Radiation
Typical treatment for late stage prostate cancer
Chemotherapy
Androgen deprivation therapy
Radiation
Combination therapy
Immunotherapy with sipuleucel-T aka Provenge
True or False: plant based diets are associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer
True
Allium vegetables provide organosulfur compounds that decrease the risk of prostate cancer by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. What are some examples of allium vegetables?
Garlic, onion
Why are cruciferous veggies linked to a decreased risk of prostate cancer?
Isothiocyanates and indoles in these foods inhibit the growth or prostate cancer cells.
Examples: broccoli, cauliflower, brussels sprouts
True or False: men should eat tomatoes to prevent prostate cancer
True!
Tomatoes (especially when cooked and consumed with oil) are rich in LYCOPENE. A 66% decreased risk of prostate cancer was found in 1 study where the men ate 2 or more serving per week of cooked tomato sauce.
True or False: a high fat diet can increase the risk of prostate cancer
True
High fat diets tend to increase testosterone levels which is c/f sex hormone dependent prostate cancers
True or False: a diet high in calcium (>1500 mg/day) increases the risk of prostate cancer
TRUE
