Exam 2 review

Question 1

The ability to attend to and manage several stimuli at once

Answer 1

Dual Processing

Question 2

The ability to focus thought or perception while filtering extraneous stimulation

Answer 2

Selective Attention

Question 3

Failing to process an object clearly present in a scene

Answer 3

Inattentional Blindness

Question 4

A change occurs between two viewings of a scene, but it is not noticed

Answer 4

Change Blindness

Question 5

Between relaxed wakefulness and being asleep, brain generates theta (an EEG pattern)

Answer 5

Stage 1 Sleep

Question 6

Body is more relaxed and harder for outside noises to wake you up. The brain emits sleep spindles (small bursts of brain activity) and k-complexes (an EEG waveform)

Answer 6

Stage 2 Sleep

Question 7

Delta waves occur. Your breathing, blood pressure, heartbeat, and se of oxygen are at their lowest

Answer 7

Stage 3 Sleep

Question 8

Deepest sleep

Answer 8

Stage 4 Sleep

Question 9

Darting eye movements and dreams

Answer 9

REM Sleep

Question 10

The view that sleep is needed in order to maintain mental and physical operations

Answer 10

Restorative theory of sleep

Question 11

Suggests that our sleep-wake patterns are shaped by an evolved biological process

Answer 11

Adaptive theory of sleep

Question 12

Conditions that can affect the quantity, quality, or timing of sleep

Answer 12

Dyssomnia

Question 13

Breathing stops during sleep

Answer 13

Sleep Apnea

Question 14

A condition characterized by daytime sleepiness and sudden lapses into sleep during the day

Answer 14

Narcolepsy

Question 15

Abnormal behaviors associated with sleep

Answer 15

Parasomnia

Question 16

Suggests that dreams are unconscious wishes and/or conflicts

Answer 16

Psychoanalytic theory of dreams

Question 17

The true, underlying, undisguised meaning of a dream

Answer 17

Latent content

Question 18

The dream as the dreamer reports it

Answer 18

Manifest content

Question 19

Suggests that dreams are interpreted brain activity

Answer 19

Activation-synthesis model of dreaming

Question 20

The stabilization of information in long-term memory through structural changes in the brain

Answer 20

Consolidation

Question 21

The hypnotic state produces a split in consciousness and separates the executive control system from the rest of the brain

Answer 21

Dissociation theory

Question 22

Suggests that hypnosis causes subjects to divide their consciousness voluntarily

Answer 22

Neodissociation theory

Question 23

Gaining new knowledge or behavior to use in the future

Answer 23

Acquisition

Question 24

Learning to associate a new, neutral stimulus with an already learned conditioned stimulus and conditioned response

Answer 24

Higher-order conditioning

Question 25

A therapy to treat phobias based on intense exposure to the feared stimulus

Answer 25

Flooding

Question 26

Treatment for phobia in which a client practices relaxation during progressively more fear-inducing stimuli

Answer 26

Systematic desensitization

Question 27

Behaviors that lead to positive outcomes are likely to be repeated

Answer 27

Law of effect

Question 28

Reinforcing part of a behavior initially and then increasing the goal to more complex behaviors

Answer 28

Shaping

Question 29

Knowledge that is not displayed in behavior until reinforcement is provided

Answer 29

Latent learning

Question 30

Information made available without conscious effort

Answer 30

Automatic processing

Question 31

The activation of information in memory from a related cue

Answer 31

Priming

Question 32

Memory is better for information that we create ourselves

Answer 32

Generation effect

Question 33

Mnemonic for remembering items by placing them on a familiar path

Answer 33

Method of loci

Question 34

Forming links between concepts to make them more memorable

Answer 34

Link method