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CPT > Mod 1 - Fundamentals > Flashcards

Mod 1 - Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

what valve is in between the left atrium and left ventricle

A

bicuspid/mitral valve

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2
Q

what valve is in between the right atrium and the right ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

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3
Q

what is the “natural pacemaker”

A

SA node

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4
Q

give the order of cardiac conduction

A
  1. SA node
  2. AV node
  3. Bundle of His
  4. Purkinje fibers
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5
Q

what does SA node & AV node stand for

A

sinoatrial; atrioventricular

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6
Q

where is the SA node

A

back wall of right atrium

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7
Q

how many impulses does the SA trigger/min

A

60-100

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8
Q

where is the AV node

A

junction of atria & ventricles on right side

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9
Q

where is the bundle of His

A

between right & left ventricles

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10
Q

give the steps of cardiac contraction

A
  1. SA node sends signal
  2. AV node receives & atrium contract
  3. Bundle of His receive and impulse branches left & right
  4. Purkinje fibers receive & ventricles contract
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11
Q

what does blood carry

A
  • nourishment
  • vitamins
  • electrolytes
  • hormones
  • antibodies
  • warmth
  • oxygen
  • waste
  • proteins
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12
Q

how much blood do adults have

A

4-6 L

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13
Q

how much of blood is plasma

A

55-60%

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14
Q

what makes up plasma (give % too)

A

92% water & 8% other

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15
Q

what is in the 8% of plasma that is not water

A
  • proteins
  • glucose
  • electrolytes
  • fibrinogen
  • other
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16
Q

how much of blood are blood cells

A

40-45%

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17
Q

what makes up blood cells in bloo

A

RBC, WBC, platelets

18
Q

lifespan of RBC?

A

120 days

19
Q

what antigen does AB blood have

A

A & B antigens

20
Q

what antigens does O blood have

A

neither

21
Q

what antibodies does AB blood have

A

none

22
Q

what antibodies does O blood have

A

both

23
Q

What does it mean if the are Rh positive

A

have antigen for Rh factor

24
Q

Rh __ individuals can donate to Rh ___ recipients, not vice versa

A

negative; positive

25
Q

who are universal recipients

A

AB blood type

26
Q

define HEMOSTASIS

A

maintenance of blood regardless of circumstance

27
Q

list & describe the 5 stages of coagulation

A
  1. vascular: vessel rapidly constricts
  2. platelet: Platelets plug leak
  3. coagulation: fibrinogen, clotting factors, & calcium form clot
  4. clot retraction: clot shrinks bringing edges closer for healing
  5. fibrinolysis breaks & clot dissolves
28
Q

list the 4 communication styles

A

analytical, intuitive, functional, personal

29
Q

describe the analytical communication style

A

prefer numbers, facts, & data w/little emphasis on emotions

30
Q

describe the intuitive communication style

A

prefer to look @ big pics & can generate more questions when being too broad

31
Q

describe the functional communication style

A

prefer organization w/timelines & detailed plans with step-by-step methodology; effective as long as pt is not overwhelmed

32
Q

describe the personal communication style

A

use emotional language & connections & care about emotions; gen good @ active listening & conflict resolution

33
Q

give examples of therapeutic communication

A

accepting, clarifying, exploring, focusing, silence, mirroring, offering self, give general leads/broad opening, give recognition, make observations

34
Q

give examples of nontherapeutic communication

A

advising, agree/disagree, defend, disapprove/approve, generalizations, probing, reassuring, minimize feelings

35
Q

give types/examples of defense mechanisms

A

apathy, compensation, displacement, dissociation, identification, avoidance, projection, rationalization, introjection, repression, sarcasm, substitution

36
Q

give the steps of the chain of infection

A
  1. infectious agent
  2. reservoir
  3. portal of exit
  4. mod of transmission
  5. portal of entry
  6. susceptible host
37
Q

define FOMITE

A

any nonliving object/substance capable of carrying infectious organisms

38
Q

what are classic s/s of inflammation

A

erythema, edema, pain, heat, & redness

39
Q

define a latent infection

A

infection w/periods of remission & relapse

40
Q

give an example of a latent infection

A

herpes simplex

41
Q

what is the difference between medical & surgical asepsis?

A

medical asepsis removes microorganisms after leaving body & surgical asepsis prevents microorganisms going into body

42
Q
A

CPT (8 decks)

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