Chapter 70: COPD Flashcards
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease COPD definition encompasses:
chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, and asthma
major risk factor for COPD
tobacco Smoke
*a1-Antitrypsin deficiency accounts for <1% of COPD patients
Hallmark symptoms of COPD
- Chronic and progressive dyspnea
- cough
- sputum production
confirmed chronic, compensated COPD if postbronchodilator spirometry FEV1/FVC is __
<0.7
Classify COPD Severity: FEV1 ≥80% predicted
Mild COPD
Classify COPD Severity: FEV1 between 50% and 79% predicted
Moderate COPD
Classify COPD Severity: FEV1 between 30% and 49% predicted
Severe COPD
Classify COPD Severity: FEV1 <30% predicted
Very severe COPD
CXR findings in emphysema
- hyperaeration
- increased anteroposterior chest diameter
- flattened diaphragms
- increased parenchymal lucency
- attenuation of pulmonary arterial vascular shadows
B-type natriuretic peptide level __ supports a diagnosis of COPD
<100 picograms/mL
Criteria for long-term oxygen therapy
- PaO2 <55 mm Hg
- SaO2 <88%
- PaO2 bet 56 and 59 mm Hg when pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale (sustained right ventricular failure), or polycythemia is present
TRUE or FALSE: in COPD, Most prefer inhaled long-acting β2-agonists for baseline care over short-acting formulations
TRUE
- salmeterol, formoterol, olodaterol, and indacaterol, are options. Short-acting inhaled β2-agonists, usually albuterol, are added as needed
TRUE or FALSE: short-acting anticholinergic agents, such as ipratropium bromide or oxitropium bromide are preferred over long-acting agents, such as tiotropium, aclidinium, umeclidinium, and glycopyrronium
FALSE
TRUE or FLASE: Daily azithromycin may decrease acute exacerbations in older patients and those with milder COPD
TRUE
in COPD, expectorants are of clear benefit when it comes to secretion mobilization
FALSE
- Mobilize respiratory secretions with generous oral fluid intake and room humidification