Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

clinical scientists

A

gather info to describe, predict, and explain their studies

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2
Q

clinical practitioners

A

detect, access, and treat abnormal patterns

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3
Q

what are the 4 d’s?

A

deviance, distress, dysfunction, and danger

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4
Q

who said that mental illness is a myth?

A

Thomas Szasz

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5
Q

eccentricity

A

an unusual pattern that others have no right to interfere

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6
Q

treatment/therapy

A

a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into normal behavior

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7
Q

Jerome Frank said that therapy has 3 features which are…

A

a sufferer, a trained healer, and a series of contacts

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8
Q

trephination

A

an old operation in which a stone instrument was used to cut a hole in the skull

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9
Q

Hippocrates believed that abnormal behavior was caused by…

A

internal physical problems

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10
Q

excess of yellow bile

A

caused mania

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11
Q

excess of black bile

A

cause melancholia

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12
Q

tarantism

A

people would jump, dance, and convulse because they thought they were bitten by a spider

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13
Q

lycanthropy

A

people thought they were possessed by wolves

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14
Q

Johann Weyer

A

1st physician to specialize in mental illness

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15
Q

founder of psychopathology

A

johann weyer

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16
Q

Gheel

A

religious shrine which was the forerunner of community mental health programs

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17
Q

Philippe Pinel and William Turke …

A

reformed their asylums

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18
Q

Benjamin Rush

A

spread moral treatment in the US

19
Q

Dorothea Dix

A

made human care a public and political concern in the US

20
Q

somatogenic perspective

A

abnormal functioning has physical causes

21
Q

general paresis

A

developed through untreated syphilis, an irreversible disorder causing delusions and paralysis

22
Q

Richard Von Kraft-Ebing

A

proved that syphilis caused general paresis

23
Q

psychogenic perspective

A

Chief causes of abnormal functioning are psychological

24
Q

hypnotism

A

was used to treat disorders, started by Fredrich Anton Mesmer

25
Q

psychoanalysis

A

theory/treatment of abnormal mental functioning where the patient will talk about their problems

26
Q

who created psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud

27
Q

psychoanalysis is also known as…

A

outpatient therapy

28
Q

psychotropic medications

A

drugs that mainly affect the brain and reduce many symptoms of mental dysfunction

29
Q

what are 3 psychotropic medications?

A

antidepressants, antianxiety, and antipsychotics

30
Q

antidepressants

A

lift the mood of depressed people

31
Q

antipsychotics

A

correct extremely confused and distorted thinking

32
Q

anti-anxiety

A

reduce tension and worry

33
Q

deinstitutionalization

A

thousands of patients were released from mental hospitals (starting in the 1960s)

34
Q

how many people in 1955 were confined in hospitals?

A

600,000 people

35
Q

private psychotherapy

A

a person directly pays a therapist for counseling services

36
Q

prevention

A

principle of mental health care: deterring mental disorders before they can develop

37
Q

positive psychology

A

The study of positive feelings, traits, and abilities

38
Q

multicultural psychology

A

the field that examines race, culture, ethnicity, and gender on behavior and thoughts and how these factors influence the origin, nature, and treatment and abnormal behavior

39
Q

managed care programs

A

the dominant form of insurance: Companies control the nature, scope, and cost of medical or psychological services

40
Q

therapists and clients dislike managed care programs because …

A

they shorten therapy, favor non-lasting treatment, and make it hard for those with severe disorders to get care

41
Q

parity law

A

made insurance companies provide equal coverage for mental and physical concerns

42
Q

what theoretical perspective dominated the psychology world in the 1950s?

A

psychoanalytic

43
Q

what are today’s theoretical perspectives?

A

biological, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic-existential, sociocultural, and developmental psychopathology