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HEMA > Week 1 Lec: Intro to Hema > Flashcards

Week 1 Lec: Intro to Hema Flashcards

1
Q

Define Hematology.

A
  • Study of the disorder and abnormalities related or associated with the quality and quantity of the cellular elements of the blood
  • Study of the laboratory procedure and techniques being used to examine the quality and quantity of the cellular elements of the blood
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2
Q

1657

A

describe worms in the blood by Athanasius Kircher

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3
Q

1658

A

discovery of erythrocytes by Swammerdam

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4
Q

1674

A

human erythrocytes described by Van Leuwenhoek

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5
Q

1842

A

platelets were described

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6
Q

1846

A

PMN distinguished from other leukocytes by Wharton Jones

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7
Q

1879

A

first complete classification of leukocytes by Ehrlich

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8
Q

1902

A

development of Wrights stain by James Homer Wright

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9
Q

1920

A

hematology was considered a separate science from clinical pathology

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10
Q

A

A

without

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11
Q

blast

A

youngest/nucleated

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12
Q

-chromic

A

color

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13
Q

-cyte

A

cell

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14
Q

Dys

A

abnormal

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15
Q

-emia

A

in the blood

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16
Q

Ferro

A

iron

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17
Q

Hyper

A

increased

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18
Q

Hypo

A

decreased

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19
Q

Iso

A

equal

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20
Q

Macro

A

large

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21
Q

Mega

A

very large/huge

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22
Q

Micro

A

small

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23
Q

Myelo

A

marrow

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24
Q

Normo

A

normal

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25
Q

-oid

A

like

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26
Q

FBC

A

Full Blood Count

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27
Q

Fl

A

Femtoliter

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28
Q

Hb

A

Hemoglobin Concentration

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29
Q

Hct

A

Hematocrit

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30
Q

MCH

A

Mean Cell Hemoglobin

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31
Q

MCV

A

Mean Cell Volume

32
Q

MCHC

A

Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration

33
Q

CBC

A

Complete Blood Count

34
Q

PG

A

Picogram

35
Q

A life sustaining fluid which circulates through the heart and blood vessels.

A

Blood

36
Q

It carries oxygen and nutrients to the ________ and waste products to the _______,_______, and _______ where they can be removed from the body

A

tissues; lungs, liver and kidney

37
Q

What are the formed elements of blood?

A

erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, plasma

38
Q

It is the liquid portion of unclotted blood.

A

Plasma

39
Q

It is the fluid that remains after coagulation has occurred and clot has formed.

A

Serum

40
Q

What are the components of plasma?

A

90% water, proteins, hormones, enzymes, lipids, and salts

41
Q

Plasma appears?

A

hazy and pale yellow

42
Q

Serum appears?

A

clear and straw-colored

43
Q

Which has fibrinogen?

A

Plasma

44
Q

What is the percentage of plasma in total blood?

A

55%

45
Q

What is the percentage of erythrocytes in total blood?

A

45%

46
Q

What is the percentage of buffy coat in total blood?

A

<1%

47
Q

What is in the buffy coat of blood?

A

leukocytes and platelets

48
Q

In vivo, blood is?

A

fluid/liquid

49
Q

In vitro, blood?

A

coagulates in 5-10 minutes

50
Q

Blood is ________ times thicker than water.

A

3.5-4.5

51
Q

Blood makes up _____% of the total body component, or _____ml/kg.

A

6-8%, 60-80 ml/kg

52
Q

Amount of blood in gms solid/mL?

A

20 gms solid/100 mL

53
Q

TBV in adult male, female, and newborn, respectively?

A

5-6 L, 4-5 L, 250-350 mL

54
Q

It can be described as the thickness and stickness of blood.

A

Blood viscosity

55
Q

It is a measure of the resistance of blood to flow

A

Viscosity

56
Q

The viscosity of blood is __ times more than that of water.

A

5

57
Q

The viscosity and specific gravity of blood depends on?

A

RBCs and plasma proteins

58
Q

It is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is the negative decimal logarithm of hydrogen concentration.

A

pH

59
Q

What is the normal pH range of blood?

A

7.35-7.45

60
Q

What is the average pH of blood?

A

7.40

61
Q

What is the pH of venous blood?

A

7.35

62
Q

What is the pH of arterial blood?

A

7.45

63
Q

How is pH of blood maintained?

A

excretion of CO2 by the lungs and excretion of H+ or OH by the kidney by the action of a buffer system (carbonate, phosphate, protein, hemoglobin)

64
Q

It is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance.

A

Blood Specific Gravity

65
Q

Specific gravity is also called?

A

relative density

66
Q

Number of solutes dissolved in whole blood?

A

1.045 – 1.066

67
Q

Number of solutes dissolved in serum?

A

1.024 – 1.028

68
Q

Number of solutes dissolved in plasma?

A

1.025-1.029

69
Q

Color of arterial blood?

A

bright red

70
Q

Color of venous blood?

A

dark purplish red

71
Q

In pulmonary arteries and veins, Hb with O2 is color?

A

purple

72
Q

In pulmonary arteries and veins, Hb without O2 is color?

A

blue

73
Q

What is the concentration of solutes dissolved in the blood called?

A

Osmolality

74
Q

What is used to measure osmolality?

A

Osmometer

75
Q

Reference range for osmolality is _______ mOsm/kg.

A

281-297 milliosmoles per kilogram

76
Q

Give the 7 functions of blood.

A
  1. RESPIRATORY
  2. NUTRITIONAL
  3. EXCRETORY
  4. BUFFERING ACTION
  5. MAINTENANCE OF CONSTANT BODY TEMPERATURE
  6. TRANSPORTATION OF HORMONES AND OTHER ENDOCRINE SECRETION THAT REGULATES CELL FUNCTION
  7. BODY DEFENSE MECHANISM

HEMA (13 decks)

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