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Anatomy & Physiology I > Organ Systems and Organs > Flashcards

Organ Systems and Organs Flashcards

1
Q

protects deeper organs from mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury, and from drying out

A

integumentary system

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2
Q

excretes salts and urea

A

integumentary system

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3
Q

aids in regulation of body temperature

A

integumentary system

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4
Q

produces vitamin D

A

integumentary system

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5
Q

body support and protection of internal organs

A

skeletal system

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6
Q

provides levers for muscular action

A

skeletal system

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7
Q

cavities provide a site for blood cell formation

A

skeletal system

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8
Q

bones store minerals

A

skeletal system

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9
Q

primary function is to contract or shorten to allow for locomotion, grasping, and manipulation of the environment & facial expression

A

muscular system

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10
Q

generates heat

A

muscular system

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11
Q

allows body to detect changes in its internal and external environment and to respond to such information by activating appropriate muscles or glads

A

nervous system

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12
Q

helps maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals

A

nervous system

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13
Q

helps maintain body homeostasis, promotes growth and development, produces chemical messengers called hormones that travel in the blood to exert their effects on various target organs of the body

A

endocrine system

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14
Q

primarily a transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, and other substances to and from the tissue cells where exchanges are made

A

cardiovascular system

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15
Q

antibodies and other protein molecules in the blood protect the body

A

cardiovascular system

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16
Q

picks up fluid leaked from the blood vessels and returns it to the blood

A

lymphatic system

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17
Q

cleanses blood of pathogens and other debris

A

lymphatic system

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18
Q

houses lymphocytes that act via the immune response to protect the body from foreign substances

A

lymphatic system

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19
Q

keeps the blood continuously supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide

A

respiratory system

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20
Q

contributes to the acid-base balance of the blood

A

respiratory system

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21
Q

breaks down ingested foods into smaller particles, which can be absorbed into the blood for delivery to the body cells

A

digestive system

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22
Q

undigested residue is removed from the body as feces

A

digestive system

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23
Q

rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes including urea, uric acid, and ammonia, which result from the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids

A

urinary system

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24
Q

maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood

A

urinary system

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25
Q

provides gametes called sperm for perpetuation of the species

A

male reproductive system

26
Q

provides gametes called eggs; the uterus houses the developing fetus until birth; mammary glands provide nutrition for the infant

A

female reproductive system

27
Q

skin, hair, nails, cutaneous sense organs and glands

A

integumentary system

28
Q

bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and joints

A

skeletal system

29
Q

muscles attached to the skeleton

A

muscular system

30
Q

brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors

A

nervous system

31
Q

pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands; ovaries, testes, and pancreas

A

endocrine system

32
Q

heart and blood vessels

A

cardiovascular system

33
Q

lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus

A

lymphatic system

34
Q

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs

A

respiratory system

35
Q

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestines, & accessory structures including teeth, salivary glands, liver and pancreas

A

digestive system

36
Q

kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

A

urinary system

37
Q

testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, and duct system which carries sperm to the body exterior

A

male reproductive system

38
Q

ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, mammary glands, and vagina

A

female reproductive system

39
Q

an irregular mass of glandular tissue overlying the heart

A

thymus (rat)

40
Q

medial oval structure enclosed within the pericardium

A

heart (rat)

41
Q

lateral to the heart on either side

A

lungs (rat)

42
Q

tubelike “windpipe” running medially down the throat

A

trachea (rat)

43
Q

two passageways that plunge laterally into the tissue of the two lungs

A

bronchi (rat)

44
Q

a food chute; the part of the digestive system that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach

A

esophagus (rat)

45
Q

a thin muscle attached to the inferior boundary of the rib cage

A

diaphragm (rat)

46
Q

connected to the stomach and ending just before the saclike cecum

A

small intestine (rat)

47
Q

a large muscular tube connected to the small intestine and ending in the anus

A

large intestine (rat)

48
Q

the initial part of the large intestine

A

cecum (rat)

49
Q

terminal part of the large intestine; continuous with the anal canal

A

rectum (rat)

50
Q

the opening of the digestive tract (through the anal canal) to the exterior

A

anus (rat)

51
Q

an apron-like serous membrane; suspends many of the digestive organs in the abdominal cavity

A

mesentery (rat)

52
Q

a diffuse gland; rests dorsal to and in the mesentery between the first portion of the small intestine and the stomach

A

pancreas (rat)

53
Q

a dark red organ curving around the left lateral side of the stomach; an organ of the lymphatic system, often called “red blood cell graveyard”

A

spleen (rat)

54
Q

large and brownish red; the most superior organ in the abdominal cavity, directly beneath the diaphragm

A

liver (rat)

55
Q

bean-shaped organs; retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum)

A

kidneys (rat)

56
Q

large endocrine glands that sit on top of each kidney; considered part of the endocrine system

A

adrenal glands (rat)

57
Q

tube running from the indented region of a kidney to the urinary bladder

A

ureter (rat)

58
Q

the sac that serves as a reservoir for urine

A

urinary bladder (rat)

59
Q

the large vein that returns blood to the heart from the lower body regions

A

inferior vena cava (rat)

60
Q

deep to the inferior vena cava; the largest artery of the body; carries blood away from the heart

A

descending aorta (rat)

Anatomy & Physiology I (15 decks)

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