s & p elements Flashcards

1
Q

Potassium can displace Na from NaCl due to

A

Potassium is more electropositive than Na, so it displace Na from compounds

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2
Q

Sodium burns in chlorine with __________ flame.

A

orange

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3
Q

1s orbital contributes to maximum screening in:

A

Iodine has smallest is orbital in all due to greatest nuclear charge on it. So its contribution in screening is maximum.

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4
Q

Which elements can form more than 5 bonds normally?

A

Iodine can form upto 7 bonds due to hyper valance as in IF7.

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5
Q

Which one of the following properties of IIA group elements increases down the group?

A

reducing power of IIA group elements increase down the group and electropositivity and reactivity. As a result ionization energy decreases and metallic character increases.

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6
Q

Which orbital contributes least to screening of electron?

A

f – orbital is least penetrating so its screening is least.

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7
Q

Excess methane reacts with chlorine. The major product is

A

Chloromethane
In excess alkane, monosubstituted product is favored.
In limited alkane, tetrasubstituted product is favored.

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8
Q

In heterocyclic compounds, the heteroatom might be

A

O, N or S.

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9
Q

Ionic bond is formed by elements having:

A

↓ polarizing power ↓ polarizability

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10
Q

What is the value of second electron affinity of oxygen?

A

+780 KJ/mol

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11
Q

The heat of hydration of alkaline earth metals ____ down the group.

A

Decreases
The charge density of alkaline earth metals decreases down the group. Therefore the attraction of ions and water is decreased i.e. heat of hydration decreases.

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12
Q

Li lies at the top of electrochemical series due to:

A

High hydration energy

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13
Q

trend of ionization energy in periodic table

A

I.E:- ↑ along period, ↓ down the group
Trend along period: GI < GII > GIII < GIV < GV > GVI < GVII < GVIII

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14
Q

The oxides of beryllium are

A

amphoteric

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15
Q

which oxides are amphoteric in nature and why

A

Oxides of relatively less electropositive elements such as Be, Al, Bi and Zn are amphoteric in nature.

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16
Q

Lithium combines with nitrogen directly to form

A

lithium nitrides
Li3N
red pink color

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17
Q

What is the symbol of the element with only 5 electrons and 5 protons?

A

boron

18
Q

why do we call group 2 elements alkaline earth metals

A

(i). They give alkalis in water.
(ii). Exist abundantly on earth crust in form of carbonates and silicates

19
Q

f-block elements are also called

A

Inner transition elements

The f-block elements are the lanthanides and actinides and are called the inner transition elements because of their placement in the periodic table due to their electron configurations.
In these elements, three outermost shells are not completely filled. The last electron in them enters in the (n-2) subshells.

20
Q

After hydrogen and helium, the smallest element in the periodic table is?

A

Flourine

21
Q

Most important commercial source of lithium is

A

Spodumene is LiAl(SiO₃)₂(Lithium aluminium silicate)

22
Q

The property which increases upto group IV-A then decreases onwards

A

mp and bp

23
Q

The milk of magnesia MgOH2 is used for the treatment of

A

acidity

24
Q

Most electropositive element of the periodic table is

A

Cs

25
Q

In second period of periodic table, number of elements belong to “p” block are

A

6

26
Q

Carbonate of ________ is least soluble in IA group.

A

lithium

27
Q

Sodium metal cannot be stored under

A

polar solvents like alcohol
Na metal is very reactive so it is stored in non-polar solvent like hexane, benzene and kerosene.

28
Q

trend of electrical conductance

A

Electrical conductance increases from IA to IIIA.

29
Q

Caustic Soda is

A

Deliquescent

30
Q

What is the electronic configuration of Cs?

A

[Xe] 6s1

31
Q

the hydrides of Be and Mg are classified as intermediate hydrides. their behavior is :

A

polymeric and covalent in nature

32
Q

potassium is found in nature as carnalites its composition is

A

KCl.MgCl2.6H2O

33
Q

calcium is found in nature as CaSO4(2H2O). this is commercially called

A

gypsum

34
Q

fajans rule states that small highly charged ions tend to form more:

A

covalent compounds

35
Q

reason for alkali metals to be soft is that

A

there is only one valency

36
Q

which oxide sodium predominantly forms in oxygen

A

Na2O2 (pale yellow)
sodium peroxide

37
Q

molecular formula of silica

A

SiO2

38
Q

sodium carbonate when fused with sand forms sodium silicate which is commonly known as

A

water glass

39
Q

when Pb shows inert pair effect it always form

A

ionic bond

40
Q

electron affinity trend

A

First electron affinity is mostly exothermic while second electron affinity is usually endothermic.
Additional Information:
E.A in groups:
I > II < III < IV > V < VI < VII > VIII
e.g. Na > Mg < Al < Si > P < S < Cl > Ar