C. monitoring radiation areas D.MRI E. handling disposing radioactive material

Question 1

_______ areas are areas that are strictly supervised by a radiation safety officer

Answer 1

Restricted/controlled

Question 2

restricted/ controlled areas have an occupational limit of radiation and cannot receive more than

Answer 2

1 rem per year

Question 3

The Radiation symbol has three blades that are magenta, purple, or black on a yellow background

Question 3

________ areas are areas that are not under the strict supervision of a radiation safety

• these areas are usually occupied by the general public

Answer 3

Unrestricted/uncontrolledUnrestricted/uncontrolled

• .5 rem per year

Question 4

A “_____” sign Should be posted when a person may receive a dose
0.005 rem (5 mrem) (0.05 mSv) in one hour at 30 cm from a radiation source

Answer 4

radiation area

Question 5

A “_______” sign should be posted when a person can receive a dose 0.1 rem (1 mSv) in one hour at 30 cm from a radiation source

Answer 5

high radiation area

Question 6

A “_______” sign should be posted When a person can receive more than 500 rads (5 gray) in one hour at 1 meter from a radiation source

Answer 6

very high radiation area

Question 7

“___________” should be posted in areas where sources of radiation are used and/or stored (example: patient with 1-131 )

Answer 7

Caution: Radioactive Materials

Question 8

Radiation monitoring devices detect

Answer 8

low levels of radiation

Question 9

Radiation monitoring Devices should be specific to the type of

Answer 9

radiation within the area

Question 10

Areas with low levels of radiation require equipment sensitive enough to detect lower levels. Examples include

Answer 10

Ionization chambers, Geiger counters, TLDs, film, etc.

Question 11

When designing a radiation therapy treatment room, it should be shielded to protect people from the

Answer 11

highest beam energy the machine can produce

Question 12

Barriers must be designed so that the dose equivalent an individual receives does not exceed the ________ (whether occupational or the public)

Answer 12

maximum allowed dose

Question 13

If a machine produces energies above 10 MV, then the room should also be shielded against

Answer 13

neutron contanimation

Question 14

A _______ will be directly hit by the useful/primary radiation beam

Answer 14

primary barrier

Question 15

Primary barrier formula information:

Answer 15

P = allowed dose equivalent for people in the area being protected

Workload (W) = weekly dose delivered at 1 m from the source for MV linacs

Use Factor (U): the amount of time the beam is aimed at a barrier

Occupancy factor (T) is the amount of time the bordering rooms will be occupied

Distance (d): distance from the source to the area being protected Expressed in meters

Question 16

__________ are some materials that are used for barriers

Answer 16

Lead, tungsten, aluminum, and concrete

Question 17

____is the most common barrier used and is the cheapest option

Answer 17

Concrete

Question 18

Average thickness of concrete for a primary barrier is _____ for beams with energies of

Answer 18

• 2 meters

-15-18 MV

Question 19

A _______ will be hit by scatter or leakage radiation. Not directly hit by the primary beam

Answer 19

secondary barrier

Question 20

Average thickness of a secondary concrete barrier is 1 meter for ___ energy beams

Answer 20

18 MV

Question 21

BIOMEDICAL IMPLANTS: The potential injury to the patient and potential damage to the device or implant must be known prior to the

Answer 21

MRI procedure

Question 22

Examples of _______ implants include aneurysm clips, implanted neurostimulators, implantable spinal fusion stimulators, electronically activated, implanted drug infusion pumps heart valve prostheses, ocular implants, dental implants, cochlear implants, vascular access ports and catheters, intravascular stents, filters and coils, breast tissue expanders and implants, and penile implants

Answer 22

biomedical

Question 23

______clips made of pure titanium, titanium alloy, Elgiloy, MP35N, and Phynox are MR compatible

Answer 23

aneurysm

Question 24

The FDA states that patients with implanted _______should not have an MRI. There are certain types of newer devices that are MR safe, but very strict procedures must be in place for these instances

Answer 24

neurostimulators

Question 25

_________stimulators are MR safe, but also have specific safety guidelines to follow when performing MRIs

Answer 25

Implantable spinal fusion

Question 26

_______infusion pumps with magnetic switches are not MR safe

Answer 26

implantable drug

Question 27

_____valve prostheses do contain metal, but MRIs are not considered hazardous to these devices

Answer 27

Heart

Question 28

_____ implants are generally not considered MR safe

Answer 28

ocular

Question 29

Dental implants are typically MR safe, except those with

Answer 29

magnetically activated pieces

Question 30

When foreign bodies are in the orbits during an MRI, ____ may occur

Answer 30

blindness

Question 30

» Cochlear implants are not MR safe because MRIs can

Answer 30

damage the device

Question 31

Vascular access ports and catheters are considered

Answer 31

MR safe

Question 32

______ screening questions include questions such as potential or current pregnancies
This includes late menstrual cycles and fertility treatments

Answer 32

Pre- MRI

Question 33

_______ must be discussed by patient, radiologist, and referring physician prior to performing an MRI

Answer 33

Risks and benefits

Question 34

____ guidelines for safety of imaging a fetus with MRI have not been created

Answer 34

FDA

Question 34

There have been no studies that show _____ side effects from an MRI during pregnancy

Answer 34

negative

Question 35

_____Screening forms must include questions about permanent tattoos. Patients with tattoos or other permanent cosmetics may experience skin reactions with this. Reactions include tingling sensation, skin irritation, cutaneous swelling, and/or heating to burning sensations

Answer 35

MRI

Question 36

Any medical equipment needed during the MRI must be

Answer 36

MR Safe

Question 37

MR safe equipment has no ____ components

Answer 37

ferromagnetic

Question 38

All patients should be properly screened for ____objects prior to entering MR environment

Answer 38

metal

Question 39

Abide by ALARA and three cardinal methods of protection (time, distance, and shielding) when around and/or handling radioactive materials to keep exposure to a

Answer 39

minimum

Question 39

When Handling and Disposing Radioactive Materials you Must wear proper personal protection and monitoring when handling

Answer 39

radioactive materials

Question 40

Radioactive waste from medical facilities is typically considered _____waste and should be sent to a specific disposal facility. Disposal facilities store the radioactive waste in special ways in order to reduce exposure to the public

Answer 40

low-level

Question 41

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and Department of Transportation (DOT) work together to transport

Answer 41

radioactive wastes to storage and disposal sites

Question 42

radioactive material and waste decays over time and eventually becomes

Answer 42

non-hazardous

Question 43

Different radioactive materials have different lengths of

Answer 43

decay

Question 44

________ is a federal agency that regulates the safe radioactive materials and protects the public health in regards to radioactive materials

Answer 44

NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission)

Question 45

_______ is an agency that regulates the removal, storage and usage of nuclear waste

Answer 45

EPA ( environmental protection agency)

Question 46

Nuclear waste can be disposed of by flushing it into a sewer system after the material has gone through

Answer 46

enough decay

Question 46

________ helps to supervise and regulate the transportation of hazardous radioactive material

Answer 46

DOT ( department of transportation)

Question 47

Radioactive materials can be disposed of after

Answer 47

ten half-lives