Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rizal, our main slayer <3 > Lesson 2: 19th Century in Rizal's Context - Prelims > Flashcards

Lesson 2: 19th Century in Rizal's Context - Prelims Flashcards

1
Q

What years are considered to be the 19th Century?

A

1800 - 1899

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

YEARS only: Rizal was born on ____ and died on ____

A

1861 - 1896

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

This was the era of challenges and responses.

A

19th Century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What major changes in society occurred in the 19th Century?

A

Changes in the economy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Term used for the age when Filipinos started to be more conscious of nationalism and equality.

A

Age of Enlightenment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This was considered to be the time of turmoil.

A

19th Century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What did the Spaniards believe that Filipinos were?

A

They believed that Filipinos were inferior to them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Most powerful man in Spanish Government

A

Governor General

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many Governor Generals served the Philippines in the span of 333 years?

A

122

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where did Filipinos learn corruption from?

A

BBM haha joke ( not really ) Spaniards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where was the Spanish Court based in?

A

Mexico to Madrid, Spain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who were the laws made for?

A

Spaniards, not Filipinos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Social class where majority of the Filipinos belong in.

A

Indio (lower class)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T or F: Filipinos are allowed to be elected in high positions because of equality.

A

F duh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T or F: Being elected in higher positions has always been about qualities and capabilities and not about the money they possess.

A

F haha kahit ngayon naman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who were in control of the country’s educational system and intervened with the government?

A

Friars / Priests in Power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Economic policy that has been imposed even before the time of Rizal

A

Polo y servicio (Forced Labor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

From what age until what age were males required to serve?

A

18 to 60 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many days a year do they have to serve?

A

40 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How did friars make money?

A

Owning hectares of land and hacienda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

They were created to protect the people but did the opposite.

A

Guardia civil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When was the end of the Galleon Trade?

A

1815

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Main source of income for the colony

A

Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When was the service of the Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade become integrated?

A

1565 until early 19th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What goods were brought from Manila to Mexico?

A
  1. Tamarind
  2. Rice
  3. Carabao
  4. Chinese tea
  5. Textiles
  6. Fireworks
  7. Tuba
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What goods were brought from Mexico to Manila?

A
  1. Guava
  2. Pineapple
  3. Horse
  4. Cattle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Silver came from where?

A

New Spain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Where did silk come from?

A

China

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What year did the Spanish Government close the
ports of Manila?

A

1565

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The only country that the ports of Manila were opened to.

A

Mexico

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

This means “a ship trade going back and forth between Manila and Acapulco, Mexico.”

A

Galleon Trade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Where did the ship first land?

A

Cebu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Who discovered a return route from Cebu to Mexico in 1565?

A

Andres de Urdaneta, in convoy with Miguel Lopez de Legaspi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Served as the central income- generating business for Spanish colonists
in the Philippines.

A

Galleon Trade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What were the other consequences of the Galleon Trade?

A

Intercultural exchanges between Asia, Spanish America, and onward to Europe and Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Who mostly ran the trading hub in Manila?

A

Chinese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What date did the Galleon Trade end with Mexico’s war of independence?

A

September 14, 1815

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

When was the Suez Canal opened?

A

November 17, 1869

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What are the effects of the opening of Suez Canal?

A
  1. The Philippines brought closer to Spain
    (32 - 40 days)
  2. It became a huge advantage in
    commercial enterprises.
  3. It expedited the importation not only of
    commercial products but also books, magazines, newspapers with liberal ideas
    from America and Europe.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What are the effects of the Suez Canal to the economy of the country?

A
  1. Filipino’s life prosper due to the vigorous
    economic activity in the country
  2. Modern methods of agriculture were
    introduced
  3. The means of communication and
    transportation improved
  4. Emergence of the Middle Class
  5. More Filipinos were able to study in
    Europe
  6. Acquired material wealth and improved
    social life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What did the Suez Canal connect through the Isthmus of Suez?

A

Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Who constructed the Suez Canal and between what years?

A

Suez Canal Company between 1859 - 1869

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Who led the construction of the Suez Canal?

A

French diplomat Ferdinand de Lesseps

44
Q

Significant factor that enabled the
growth of nationalistic desires of Jose Rizal
and other Filipino ilustrados

A

Opening of Suez Canal

45
Q

Encouraged the Ilustrados and Rizal to
pursue education abroad and learn scientific
and liberal in European academic institutions.

A

Opening of Suez Canal

46
Q

Provided oppportunities to the Chinese with the use of sugar, hemp, and coffee.

A

Rise of Export Crop and Monopolies

47
Q

MATCHING:

(A) Sugar, Hemp, Tobacco
(B) Southeastern Luzon and Eastern Visayas, Western Visayas, Northeastern Luzon

A
  1. Sugar - Southeastern Luzon and Eastern
    Visayas
  2. Hemp - Western Visayas
  3. Tobacco - Northeastern Luzon
48
Q

Years wherein the Philippines was
well on its way of developing an export crop
economy

A

1820 to 1870

49
Q

Spain legalized the use of _______ in
1840 wherein the Chinese benefits a lot.

A

Opium

50
Q

Another main source of wealth during the post-galleon era.

A

Monopoly Contracting

51
Q

Most controversial and most oppressive monopoly to locals

A

Tobacco Monopoly

52
Q

Date when Governor General Jose
Basco placed the Philippine tobacco industry
under government control.

A

March 1, 1782

53
Q

What was the aim of the tobacco monopoly?

A

Increase government revenue

54
Q

Where were the cultivation of tobacco issued?

A

Provinces of
Cagayan Valley, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La
Union, Isabela, Abra, Nueva Ecija, Marinduque

55
Q

Why was the tobacco monopoly not beneficial to locals?

A

They sold their produce only to government
at a pre-designated price, leaving little or no
profit for the local farmers.

56
Q

T or F: There were a set required number of tobacco plants per family.

A

T

57
Q

T or F: Locals weree allowed to keep tobacco leaves for personal use, and not commercial use.

A

F, they’re not allowed to, therefore forcing them to buy it from the government.

58
Q

T or F: The tobacco monopoly lowered the revenues for the government.

A

F, positively raised

59
Q

T or F: The tobacco monopoly brought about food shortage.

A

T

60
Q

Year when the tobacco monopoly was abolished

A

1882

61
Q

Who ran schools in the European system of education that was implemented in the country?

A

Catholic missionaries

62
Q

What was the aim of the education system?

A

Aiming to convert the natives to the Catholic faith
and make them obedient.

63
Q

T or F: Religion was a compulsory subject in all levels.

A

T

64
Q

This mandated Spanish authorities in the PH to
educate the locals, to teach them how to read
and write, and to learn Spanish.

A

King Philip II’s Leyes de Indias (Laws of Indies)

65
Q

Why did the Spanish missionaries not seriously teach Spanish to locals?

A

They were afraid that Indios would become co-equals.

66
Q

The first formal schools in the land were the
______ schools.

A

Parochial

67
Q

The official language taught to students.

A

Latin

68
Q

They believed one way for
locals to learn fast was to use _________, such as applying corporal punishment.

A

Strict discipline

69
Q

T or F: There was no co-education in the Spanish regime.

A

T

70
Q

What year did a royal decree called for establishment of
a public school system?

A

1863

71
Q

What was the result of this public school system?

A

The rise of the Ilustrados

72
Q

What was the aim of the Ilustrados?

A

Be on the same level with the proud Spaniards

73
Q

Significant impetus
to broader trade was the ________________________

A

Gradual abolition of
monopoly enjoyed by the Manila-Acapulco
Galleon

74
Q

T or F: Manila
became less open to foreign merchants
with more restriction by the mid-1830s.

A

F, they were more open almost without restriction

75
Q

What consisted the middle class?

A

The Ilustrados or filibusteros (by the friars)

76
Q

What are the social classes during this time?

A
  1. Peninsulares
  2. Insulares
  3. Principalia or Middle class
  4. Sangley or Chinese
  5. Indios
77
Q

Wealthiest and most politically powerful social class

A

Peninsulares

78
Q

Full-blooded Spaniards born in the
Philippines

A

Insulares

79
Q

Social and educated class in the towns of Colonial Philippines

A

Principalia or Middle class

80
Q

Persons of pure Chinese ancestry

A

Sangley or Chinese

81
Q

Person of mixed Chinese and indigenous
ancestry

A

Mestizos de Sangley

82
Q

Refers to the poor people of the country who could be slaves and peasants only

A

Indio

83
Q

Meaning of inquilino in English

A

Tenant

84
Q

A qualified system of
tenancy, or the right to use land in
exchange for rent

A

The 19th Century Inquilino System

85
Q

T or F: Inquilinos paid a rent that was determined by the lay brother adminestering it based on their own decision.

A

F, rents were fixed based on the size and quality of land

86
Q

The 3 Stratas of Hacienda Structures:

A
  1. Estate owner
  2. Leaseholder or Inquilino
  3. Tenant-sharecropper
87
Q

T or F: The inquilino suffered most
abuses and demands of the producing sector.

A

F, the Tenant-sharecroppers suffered the most.

88
Q

How did the inquilinos achieve relative freedom?

A

Subleasing their farms

89
Q

A worldwide view founded on ideas
of freedom and equality.

A

Liberalism

90
Q

Includes a wide
range of political philosophies that consider individual liberty to be the most significant goal, and underscore individual rights and equality of
opportunity.

A

Liberalism

91
Q

Believes that the government is necessary to protect individuals from being abused despite the government also being a threat to liberty

A

Liberalism

92
Q

Who considered the Catholic Church as an enemy of reforms?

A

The liberals in Spain

93
Q

Where did the Philippines’ actual experience of liberalism come from?

A

The role modeling of the “first liberal governor- general in the PH”, Governor General Carlos
Maria De la Tore

94
Q

From what year did De la Tore hold the position?

A

1869 - 1871

95
Q

Widely considered to be the most
beloved of the Spanish Governors-General
ever assigned in the country

A

Carlos Maria De la Tore

96
Q

What rules did De la Tore provide for a preview of a democratic rule?

A
  1. Avoiding luxury and living a simple life to put his liberal ways into practice
  2. Encouraged freedom and abolished censorship
  3. Recognized freedom of speech and of press
  4. Filipino priests were encouraged to pursue their ndream of replacing the friars with Filipino clergy
97
Q

De la Tore’s greatest achievement?

A

Peaceful solution to the land problem in Cavite by having a conference with the rebel leader

98
Q

Endeavored to curtail
contraband commerce, reclaim control over
transatlantic trade, restrict the church’s power, reform state finances to fill dwindling royal coffers, and found tighter administrative and
political control within the empire.

A

Bourbon Reforms

99
Q

T or F: Ideally, the Bourborn reform policies were disadvantageous to the Philippines.

A

F, advantageous

100
Q

A liberal constitution was promulgated in Cadiz in
_______ called Cadiz Constitution

A

March 1812

101
Q

The first constitution
in Europe to deal with national sovereignty, recognizing sovereignty as coming from the
people and not from the King.

A

Cadiz Constitution

102
Q

Had a universal
character as it included everyone from
overseas, like the Italian kingdoms and even
the Philipines

A

Spanish Constitution of 1812

103
Q

First delgates of the Philippines who took tgeir oath of office in Madrid

A

Pedro Perez de Tagle and Jose Manuel Coretto

104
Q

Established
the principles of universal male suffrage, national sovereignty, constitutional monarchy, and freedom of the press and advocated land
reform and free enterprise.

A

Cadiz Constitution

105
Q

When did the constitutional monarch put into place did not come into fruition?

A

May 1814

106
Q

Who declared the monarchy invalid and restored absolutism?

A

King Fernando VII

107
Q

One crucial creed embodied in the constitution for the locals of the Philippines

A

Exemption of natives from paying tributes and
rendering public services based on its equality
clause

Rizal, our main slayer <3 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions