Chapter 1: Introduction

Question 1

What do computers do?

Answer 1

execute very basic instructions in rapid succession

Question 2

What is a computer program?

Answer 2

a sequence of instructions and decisions

Question 3

What is hardware?

Answer 3

the physical computer and peripheral devices

Question 4

What is software?

Answer 4

the programs the computer executes

Question 5

What is programming?

Answer 5

the act of designing and implementing computer programs

Question 6

What does CPU stand for?

Answer 6

Central Processing Unit

Question 7

What does the CPU do for?

Answer 7

performs program control and data processing

Question 8

What is the CPU?

Answer 8

the heart of the computer

Question 9

What is a transistor?

Answer 9

the hundreds of millions of structural elements

Question 10

What is the other word for primary storage?

Answer 10

memory

Question 11

What is primary storage?

Answer 11

storage made from electronic circuits that can store data, provided they are supplied with electric power

Question 12

What is secondary storage?

Answer 12

storage that provides slower less expensive storage that persists without electricity

Question 13

What is secondary storage usually?

Answer 13

a hard disk or solid-state drive

Question 14

What are some computers interconnected through?

Answer 14

networks

Question 15

What is specified in a high-level language program?

Answer 15

the actions that you program should carry out

Question 16

What does a compiler do?

Answer 16

translates the high-level instructions into the more detailed instructions (called machine code)

Question 17

What are applets

Answer 17

java code that can be located anywhere on the internet

Question 18

How was java originally designed?

Answer 18

for programming consumer devices

Question 19

What was java first successfully used for?

Answer 19

to write internet applets

Question 20

What does java have tat makes it possible to write portable programs that can bypass proprietary operating systems?

Answer 20

a rich library

Question 21

What are two attributes that make it suitable for beginners?

Answer 21

safe and portability

Question 22

What does a virtual program do?

Answer 22

stimulates a real CPU

Question 23

What are 3 cons of Java for beginners?

Answer 23

not designed for students, a certain amount of technical machinery is necessary to write the simplest programs, and java has a very large library.

Question 24

What is an editor?

Answer 24

a program for entering and modifying text

Question 25

T/F: Java is case sensitive

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What are source files?

Answer 26

the statements that you wrote

Question 27

What does the java compiler do?

Answer 27

translates source code into class files that contain instructions for the Java virtual machine.

Question 28

Where are programs stored?

Answer 28

files

Question 29

Where are files stored?

Answer 29

folders and directories

Question 30

What are classes?

Answer 30

the fundamental building blocks of Java programs

Question 31

What does the world public denote?

Answer 31

that the class is useable by the “public”.

Question 32

What does every java class contain?

Answer 32

a class with a main method

Question 33

What is the main method notation

Answer 33

public static void main(String[]args)

Question 34

What are statements?

Answer 34

instructions

Question 35

How is a method called?

Answer 35

by specifying the method and its arguments

Question 36

What is a string?

Answer 36

a sequence of characters enclosed in quotation marks

Question 37

What is a compile-time/syntax error?

Answer 37

a violation of the programming language rules that is detected by the compiler

Question 38

What is a run-time/logical error?

Answer 38

when the program takes an action that the programmer did not intend

Question 39

What is an algorithm

Answer 39

a sequence of steps that is unambiguous, executable, and terminating

Question 40

What is pseudocode

Answer 40

an informal description of sequence of steps for solving a problem