Anesthesiology Flashcards
Complete loss of sensation in a localized area
Local Anesthethics
Order of Loss of Sensation
1 Pain
2 Temperature
3 Touch
4 Pressure
5 Skeletal muscle tone
It is the pH in which a substance is in 50% unionized form and 50% ionized form
pKa
Most common initial sign of anesthetic toxicity
Anxiety
Most common dental emergency
Vasovagal Syncope
Management of Syncope
Trendelenberg position
It is the increase dosage of anesthesia in bloodstream by over dosage and vessel deposition
Toxicity
Anesthetic adverse reaction mediated by histamine
Allergic Reactions
Types of Local Anesthesia
Ester - i
Amide - ii
Agents that constricts blood vessels resulting to:
- increase duration of effect of LA
- reduce toxicity by systemic absorption of LA
- reduce bleeding by decreasing blood flow to the operating site
VASOCONSTRICTORS
Metabolized by Plasma Pseudocholinesterase
Ester “i”
Metabolized by Liver
Amide “ii”
Maximum dosage of epinephrine for normal patients
0.2 mg (200 µg)
Maximum dosage of epinephrine for cardiovascular patients
0.04 mg (40 µg)
Amide Local Anesthesia
Lidocaine, Prilocaine, Mepivacaine, Bupivacaine, Etidocaine, Articaine
