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Anatomy Module 1 > Plasma Membrane > Flashcards

Plasma Membrane Flashcards

1
Q

What is the phospholipid bilayer

A

Molecule that is polar on one side and nonpolar on the other it is made of fatty acids in a phosphate group

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2
Q

Are the heads of the phospholipids polar or nonpolar

A

Polar

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3
Q

Are the tails of the phospholipids polar or nonpolar

A

Nonpolar

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4
Q

Are the heads of the phospholipids hydrophilic or hydrophobic

A

Hydrophilic

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5
Q

Are the tales of the phospholipids hydrophilic or hydrophobic

A

Hydrophobic

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6
Q

Chrissy overall nature of the plasma membrane

A

Lipid solubility

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7
Q

Intercellular fluid

A

Liquid in the cell

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8
Q

Extracellular fluid

A

Liquid around the cell

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9
Q

What are channel proteins

A

Proteins with the channel and it to that water and small water soluble molecules in and out

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10
Q

What are glycoproteins

A

A protein that has a carbohydrate chain attached to it they typically act as markers allowing cells to recognize each other

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11
Q

What are receptor proteins

A

Proteins that receive messages from other cells

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12
Q

What are glycolipids

A

Olympic with a carbohydrate attached to it they help anchor membrane proteins in place and provide structural support to the plasma membrane

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13
Q

How much of the plasma membrane is composed of cholesterol

A

1/3

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14
Q

Where is cholesterol found in the plasma membrane

A

Among the nonpolar tails

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15
Q

What does cholesterol do in the plasma membrane

A

it gives it stability and gives it the right degree of firmness

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16
Q

In the fluid mosaic model what does fluid mean and what does mosaic mean

A

Glitter force to the phospholipid bilayer and Mosaic means there are many different kinds of chemicals floating within it

17
Q

What are the main functions of the plasma membrane

A

It holds the cell together provides receptors so that the cell can sense the environment

18
Q

Why can fat easily dissolve into a cell

A

Because it’s nonpolar

19
Q

Can small ions go through channel proteins

A

Yes

20
Q

How do certain ions get through channel proteins

A

Many channel proteins are oriented so that their amino acids form positive or negative charges. Positively charged channel proteins attract negative ions and vise versa.

21
Q

How does glucose get through the plasma membrane?

A

Through carrier proteins in mediated transport.

22
Q

What is mediated transport

A

The process by which a molecule goes through a carrier protein that is the right shape and it binds to the molecule.

23
Q

What three conditions must be considered for mediated transport to occur

A

Specificity competition and saturation

24
Q

What are the two basic types of transport through the plasma membrane

A

Active transport and passive transport

25
Q

What are the two processes in passive transport

A

Diffusion and facilitated diffusion

26
Q

What is passive transport

A

Transport through the cell membrane that does not require any ATP energy

27
Q

What is facilitated diffusion

A

Diffusion that involves mediated transport with no ATP required. It involves going from high concentration to low concentration.

28
Q

What is active transport

A

Transport that requires cellular energy

29
Q

What is pumping

A

A form of active transport when you’re pumping something in or out of the cell

30
Q

What is endocytosis

A

The process by which large molecules are taken into the cell

31
Q

What is pinocytosis

A

Process that allows proteins to enter the cell by proteins dissolving in fluid around the cell the plasma membrane folds inward and pinches it off in a vesicle. Means still drinking

32
Q

What is what is phagocytosis

A

The process by which the cell engulfs what it’s trying to take in. also known as hell eating

33
Q

Does exocytosis pinocytosis and phagocytosis use ATP even if going from high concentration to low concentration

A

Yes because the energy is expanded because of the size of the molecules

34
Q

How do chloride ions get through the plasma membrane

A

They go through charged channel proteins carrying the opposite charge

35
Q

How does the glucose get through the plasma membrane

A

It gets through carrier proteins

36
Q

How do fatty acids get through the phospholipids

A

They dissolve through the phospholipids

37
Q

How does water get in

A

Channel proteins

Anatomy Module 1 (8 decks)

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