Module 3: Statistical Reasoning (Vocabulary)

Question 1

Mode

Answer 1

The most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.

Question 2

Mean

Answer 2

The arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores.

Question 3

Median

Answer 3

The middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it.

Question 4

Range

Answer 4

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution.

Question 5

Standard deviation

Answer 5

A computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.

Question 6

Normal curve

Answer 6

A symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean (about 68% fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes.

Question 7

Statistical significance

Answer 7

A statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance.