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EART AND SPACE SCIENCE 8TH GRADE > Chapter one > Flashcards

Chapter one Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of the matter and movement of God’s physical creation?

A

Science

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2
Q

What is the substance of physical world anything that occupies space or has substance?

A

Matter

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3
Q

What is the study of soil?

A

Pedology

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4
Q

What type of method is an organized way for scientist to gather in pursue scientific knowledge?

A

Scientific method

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5
Q

What are the three main components of the scientific method?

A

Hypothesizing ,observation ,experimentation

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6
Q

What is a way of explaining an object or event by using a set of facts?

A

Theory

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7
Q

If a theory has never been proven, false scientist, will call it what?

A

Law

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8
Q

What would prove the hypothesis false, this property of hypothesis is called what?

A

Falsifiability

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9
Q

What kind of variable is the factor that you can change to test your hypothesis ?

A

Independent variable

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10
Q

What type of variable is a factor that is observed to determine the results of the experiment?

A

Dependent variable

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11
Q

What kind of variable is the same in all groups?

A

Controlled variable

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12
Q

What kind of group is the group on which a test is performed?

A

Experimental group

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13
Q

What group in which the independent variable is absent? The group is not tested, but is used for a standard for comparison ?

A

Control group

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14
Q

What are any characteristics required to solve the problem?

A

Constraints

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15
Q

What is the minimum characteristics that a design must have to function at all?

A

Criteria

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16
Q

What is the study of reasoning that is essential for any scientist called?

A

Logic

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17
Q

What is a conclusion based on reasoning from evidence?

A

Inference

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18
Q

What kind of reasoning is reasoning from evidence to a more specific conclusion it is used to go by known facts. Discover a new fact that is their logical consequence?

A

Deductive reasoning

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19
Q

In deductive reasoning, a statement of fact is called?

A

Proposition

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20
Q

What kind of proposition is an if/then preposition?

A

Hypothetical proposition

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21
Q

What kind of reasoning is reasoning from specific evidence to a more general conclusion, the ultimate purpose of blank reasoning is to determine cause and effect?

A

Inductive reasoning

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22
Q

What is it called when an experiment repeat multiple times, keeping all factors of similar as possible ?

A

Repeatability

23
Q

What means the others will reach the same conclusion by performing your experiment themselves under different conditions performing other experiments that test the same hypothesis?

A

Reproducibility

24
Q

What is anything that provides a partial representation of something else?

A

Model

25
Q

What kind of material is primarily derived from living organisms?

A

Organic material

26
Q

What type of material is primary derive from nonliving matter?

A

Mineral material

27
Q

What measures the pull of gravity on an object?

A

Weight

28
Q

What measures how tightly packed matter is?

A

Density

29
Q

What is the amount of space that matter takes up?

A

Volume

30
Q

What measures the amount of matter in an object?

A

Mass

31
Q

Humus is primarily a substance composed of what kind of particles?

A

Decomposition

32
Q

What is it called when you reuse old materials?

A

Recycling

33
Q

What are scientist called when they study soil?

A

Pedologist

34
Q

What is the range of sand sleet clay in humans mixtures called?

A

Loam

35
Q

What is a chart that provides standard names in descriptions of soil colors?

A

Munsell chart

36
Q

What are the three most important mineral nutrients for plants primary plant food elements?

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

37
Q

What is a group of chemicals containing the element phosphorus bonds to oxygen and other elements?

A

Phosphates

38
Q

What stimulates rapid growth of leaves, and stems and plants, a rich green color?

A

Nitrogen

39
Q

what cycle helps nitrogen move from the air to the soil to be used by plants and then returned to the atmosphere to be used again?

A

nitrogen cycle

40
Q

what is substance containing atoms of two or more elements bonded together?

A

compound

41
Q

what is the element that is essential for cell division in growth and promotes plant Maturation?

A

Phosphorus

42
Q

What is the use of science to solve practical problems?

A

Technology

43
Q

In the engineering process, what are the minimum characteristic that I design must how to function at all?

A

Criteria

44
Q

What are any characteristics required to solve the problem?

A

Constraints

45
Q

What are the six steps in engineering design process?

A

One state a problem to be solved, to determine the criteria and constraints of the problem, three research and develop possible solutions to the problem, choose a design and make a detailed plan, five and test a prototype, six analyze the prototype and improve the design.

46
Q

What is a model of a design or some part of a design that is used for testing?

A

Prototype

47
Q

What is the primary function to contribute to the general health of the plant and improve disease resistance?

A

Potassium

48
Q

What kind of bacteria can ammonia be converted to nitrate buy another kind of bacteria called ?

A

Nitrifying bacteria

49
Q

What are at the root of plants that use oxygen from the air found in the blank and spaces of soil?

A

Pore spaces

50
Q

What does impermeable mean?

A

Nonporous

51
Q

Any collected water bellow The Soil surface is called what?

A

Groundwater

52
Q

What is the depth that depends on two factors, the size and number of pores in the rocks and soil and the amount of recent rainfall?

A

Water table

53
Q

What is nursing substances for plants?

A

Nutrients

54
Q

What is a substance composed of only one type of atom?

A

Element

EART AND SPACE SCIENCE 8TH GRADE (6 decks)

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