Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a wave

A

a transfer of energy from one place to another without the transferof matter

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2
Q

what is the substance energy passes through called

A

the meidium

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3
Q

what is equilibrium position

A

where particles are normally found when no energy is passing through the medium

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4
Q

what do we see as a wave

A

The viabration of particles in medium

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5
Q

how do particles vibrate in a transverse wave

A

perpendicular

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6
Q

what are crests and troughs

A

Highest and lowest points of particles vibration

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7
Q

examples of transverse wave

A

Light, earthquake s waves

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8
Q

how do particles vibrate in logitudinal waves

A

paralell to the direction of motion

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9
Q

what are compressions and rarefactions

A

where particles are close together ,where particles spread far apart

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10
Q

logitudinal wave examples

A

sound waves,earthquake p waves

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11
Q

what is amplitude

A

maximum displacement of particles from equilibrium position

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12
Q

is amplitude the same in both directions

A

yes vibration is symetrical

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13
Q

what is wavelength

A

distance between two succesive particles undergoing same motion

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14
Q

what is period

A

time taken for one complete wave to pass a point measured in seconds

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15
Q

what is frequency

A

the number of complete waves that pass a point per second measured in hertz (Hz)

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16
Q

what is wave speed

A

how fast energy travels through a medium

17
Q

what is reflection

A

when waves hit a surface and bounce off

18
Q

how does an echo form

A

when sound waves are reflected by large hard surfaces the reflected sound can be heard as an echo

19
Q

what is a ray

A

an arrow drawn representing the direction in which energy is being transferred in a wave

20
Q

where does energy go in reflection

A

-some bounces off
- some enters the medium

21
Q

when a wave is reflected what decreases

A

the amplitude

22
Q

where is the normal

A

90 degrees from the surface

23
Q

where are angles of incidince/reflection measured

A

between ray + the normal

24
Q

what is the law of reflection

A

angle of incidence=angle of reflection

25
Q

how do reflected rays travel

A

smooth level surface=regular paralell reflection, uneven surfae- difuse reflection ( range if directions)

26
Q

what is a plane mirror

A

flat mirror

27
Q

what happens when light reflects off a plane mirror

A

an image of the original object is formed in the mirror- same size same distance inverted

28
Q

what is refraction

A

the change of speed of a wave as it enters a new medium

29
Q

what direction will a slowing down wave turn

A

bend towards the normal

30
Q

what direction will a speeding down wave turn

A

bend away from the normal

31
Q

does water waves travel faster in deep water or shallow

A

deep water

32
Q

what is optical density

A

the speed of light in a transparent medium

33
Q

what does the value of the refractive index tell you

A

the higher the value the slow waves travel

34
Q

what are the units for refractive index

A

there is none but the symbol is n

35
Q

refractive index in air =

A

1

36
Q

snells law is?

A

when light travels fro air to another medium
n=sin I divided by sin r