arousal (A&O) mental status Flashcards
if a person is A&O x4 what does that mean?
they are alert and oriented to person, place, time & situation
how do you quickly screen for memory/cognition?
give the patient 3 words to remember
–> retention & recall: ask patient to repeat those words back to you right away & then ask them later on to recall those 3 words
what are 4 things you should be sure to include in your subjective exam note?
behavior
language
attention
affect
what is level of consciousness (LOC)?
measurement of a person’s alertness
arousal and responsiveness to stimuli from the environment
alertness = _____ and _______
arousal and attention
stimulation to action or physiologic readiness for activity
level of excitability - state of responsiveness to sensory stimulation
arousal
directing of consciousness to person, thing, or environment
direction of awareness
necessary to perform conscious task
attention
state of arousal accompanied by awareness to one’s environment
consciousness
the ability to comprehend and to adjust oneself with regard to time, location, and identify of self
orientation
which level of hypoarousal is this describing?
mildly depressed level of consciousness or alertness
lethargic
which level of hypoarousal is this describing?
significantly diminished level of consciousness and cannot be fully aroused. responds to noxious stimuli and appears confused.
obtund
which level of hypoarousal is this describing?
not able to be aroused from a sleep-like state, requires vigorous unpleasant stimuli for minimal arousal
stupor
which level of hypoarousal is this describing?
unconscious, inability to make any purposeful response and no arousal
coma “unconscious”
if your patient is aroused but remains unaware of their environment and no purposeful attention or cognitive response is given but has normal respiration, digestion and BP control, what state are they in?
minimally conscious (vegetative) state
if a person is in a vegetative state for 1 year or longer after TBI or 3 months or longer after ABI, what state are they considered then?
persistent vegetative state
pt appears agitated, irritable, unable to self console, has hyperactive movement and increased intensity of voice. they are:
hyperaroused
patient is unable to attain alert state, lethargic, poor response to verbal communication and has poor processing. they are:
hypoaroused
what are some factors that affect level of arousal?
disease/pathology
acute change in behavior
acute change in brain chemistry
what three areas of function are examined to determine arousal?
eye opening
motor response
verbal response