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WEB PROGRAMMING 12 - 1st Quarter > Introduction to HTML > Flashcards

Introduction to HTML Flashcards

1
Q
  • created HTML
  • known as the father of the web
A

Tim Berners Lee

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2
Q

The first version of HTML

A

HTML 1.0 created in 1991

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3
Q

The second version of HTML

A

HTML 2.0, created in 1995

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4
Q

The third version of HTML

A

HTML 3.2, created in 1997

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5
Q

The fourth version of HTML

A

HTML 4.01, created in 1999

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6
Q

XHTML was created in?

A

2000

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7
Q

The current latest version of HTML

A

HTML 5

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8
Q

When was HTML 5 published?

A

2014

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9
Q
  • Describes the structure of a website
  • Simply the content of a webpage
A

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

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10
Q

Examples of applications for writing HTML documents

A
  • notepad
  • notepad++
  • sublime
  • TextEdit
  • Visual Studio Code
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11
Q

What is the file extension used for HTML documents?

A

.html or .htm

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12
Q

What do you use to view the output of HTML documents?

A

Web browser

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13
Q

Used to display content

A

Browser

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14
Q
  • opening and closing tags
  • tags come in pairs
  • closing tags end with a forward slash (/)
A

Element

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15
Q

this element defines the doc as a HTML 5 doc

A

<!DOCTYPE html>

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16
Q

why is the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration important?

A

it is important since websites nowadays are coded in multiple languages, aside from HTML

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17
Q
  • root element of an HTML page
  • signifies the beginning of the code
A

<html>
</html>

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18
Q
  • contains meta info about the HTML page
A

<head>
</head>

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19
Q

everything inside this tag will not be displayed in the main body of the webpage

A

<head>
</head>

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20
Q
  • specifies a title for the HTML page
A

<title>
</title>

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21
Q

where is the title of the HTML page shown on a browser?

A

it can be seen in the browser’s title bar or in the page’s tab

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22
Q

what are the entities enclosed in < > called?

A

HTML tags

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23
Q

they are element names surrounded by angle brackets (<>)

A

tags

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24
Q
  • contains info related to the HTML document such as a character typeset, author info, keywords
A

<meta></meta>

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25
Q
  • defines a thematic break in an HTML page
  • most often displayed a sa horizontal line
A

Horizontal Rule <hr>

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26
Q
  • used to separate content or define a change in an HTML page
A

Horizontal Rule <hr>

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27
Q

What’s the difference between:
- p
- <p>

A
  • p is the element
  • <p> is the tag
    </p>
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28
Q
  • defines paragraph of text
  • block-level element
  • always start on a newline
A

HTML paragraphs

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29
Q

these are tags without closing tag

A

empty element

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30
Q
  • <h1> to <h6>
    </h6></h1>
  • always in bolded letters
A

HTML headings

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31
Q
  • used to insert a single line break, not to add space between paragraphs
  • useful for writing a poem/address where the division of the lines is important
A

Line breaks <br></br>

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32
Q
  • preformatted text
  • displayed in fix-width font
  • displayed exactly as how it is in source code
A

Pre tag <pre>

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33
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
In a <pre> element, the text preserves both spaces and line breaks.

A

TRUE

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34
Q

used to connect the current html file to an external source.

A

<link></link>

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35
Q
  • comment tag
  • Everything inside the tag will not be displayed in the browser.
A

<!-- -->

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36
Q
  • it is a block level element and always starts on a new line.
A

paragraph <p>

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37
Q

text that is higher and often smaller than the main text.

A

superscript

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38
Q

used for suffixes of dates and in mathematics for representing the power to which a number is raised

A

superscript

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39
Q

text that is lower and also often smaller than the main text.

A

subscript

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40
Q

used in a number of different representations, such as chemical formulas mathematical expressions and footnotes.

A

subscript

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41
Q

HTML element used to create superscript

A

< sup >

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42
Q

HTML element used to create subscript

A

< sub >

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43
Q

This element gives text strong importance. Browsers typically render its content in bold.

A

<strong></strong>

44
Q

This element gives text stress emphasis, and its content is typically displayed italic type.

A

<em></em>

45
Q

element used to highlight text to indicate its relevance to a context. This can be, for example, in the form of highlighting the instances of a search term in search results.

A

<mark></mark>

46
Q

element defines the document’s body, and is a container for all the visible
contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.

A

<body>
</body>

47
Q

contain all information related to the HTML document such as character
typeset, author information, and keywords.

A

<meta></meta>

48
Q

that defines a paragraph of text. It is a block-level element and always starts on a new line.

A

HTML Paragraph

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

“When a tag is indented, it means that it is inside the tag preceding it.”

A

TRUE

48
Q

defines the least important heading:

A

<h6>
</h6>

48
Q
  • defines a thematic break in an HTML page, and is most often displayed as a
    horizontal rule.
A

<hr></hr>

48
Q

defines the most important heading

A

<h1>
</h1>

49
Q
  • Used for block quotes (i.e., those that take up many lines), and its content is usually indented by the browser; however, the element should not be used for indenting.
  • The URL for the source of the quote can be included by using the
    cite attribute.
A

<blockquote> ... </blockquote>

49
Q

used to separate content (or define a change) in an HTML
page.

A

<hr></hr>

49
Q

defines preformatted text

A

<pre>
</pre>

49
Q

text in this element is displayed in
a fix-width font, and the text preserves both spaces and line breaks. The text will be displayed exactly as written in the HTML source code.

A

<pre>
</pre>

50
Q

Used for inline shorter quotes. Its content is usually enclosed in quotation marks.

A

<q> … </q>

50
Q

The content of the <dfn> and <abbr> elements (i.e., the term) is usually rendered in ________ type by
browsers.</abbr></dfn>

A

italic type

50
Q

The elements used for creating definitions and abbreviations

A

<dfn> and <abbr></abbr></dfn>

50
Q

used to identify an abbreviation

A

<abbr></abbr>

51
Q

the description of the abbreviation is provided with what attribute?

A

title attribute

52
Q

what will be the output of the following code?

<p> <abbr> USA </abbr> </p>

A

when the user’s mouse hovers over USA, they will see “United States of America”

53
Q

what will be the output of the following code?

<p> <dfn>The World Wide Web</dfn> is commonly known as the Web.</p>

A

The World Wide Web will be italicized

54
Q

Inserts a span of text and underlines it.

A

<ins>…</ins>

55
Q

Deletes a span of text, which is usually indicated with strikethrough text.

A

<del> … </del>

56
Q

Renders text with a line through it (i.e., strikethrough text)

A

<s> ... </s>

57
Q

Used to display a fragment of computer code in monospace font.

A

<code> ... </code>

58
Q

Used to present sample output from a computer program in monospace font.

A

<samp> ... </samp>

59
Q

Used to present required user input in monospace font.

A

<kbd> ... </kbd>

60
Q

provides additional information but have it hidden, so that it is displayed only when users want it.

A

<details> ... </details>

61
Q

can be used with details element to provide a visible heading for it, which, when users click, reveals the hidden content.

A

<summary> ... </summary>

62
Q

In order to ensure that the browser does not interpret the characters as HTML
code, these are used

A

character entity references or numeric character references (also known
as escape characters or escape codes)

63
Q
  • non-breaking space entity
  • used for each space required
A

&nbsp

64
Q
  • specifies the base language of the attribute values and content of an
    element.
  • used in <html> element
A

lang attribute

65
Q

3 types of HTML lists

A
  • unordered lists
  • ordered lists
  • definition lists
66
Q

lists in which items begin with bullet points.

A

unordered lists

67
Q

lists in which items start with numbers or alphabets and are in
numeric or alphabetical order. Naturally, this is used only where the order
of list items matters to meaning.

A

ordered lists

68
Q

lists made up of terms and the definitions for each of the terms.

A

definition lists

69
Q

Defines an unordered list

A

<ul> ... </ul>

70
Q

Defines an ordered type of list.

A

<ol>...</ol>

71
Q

Defines a list item for an unordered or an ordered list

A

<li>...</li>

72
Q

Defines a definition list

A

<dl>...</dl>

73
Q

Defines a definition term for a definition list.

A

<dt>...</dt>

74
Q

Defines a definition description for a definition

A

<dd>...</dd>

75
Q

lists that have lists as
list items.

A

nested lists

76
Q

2 common list attributes

A
  • start attribute
  • type attribute
77
Q

specifies the start value for numbering or lettering items,

A

Start attribute

78
Q

specifies the kind of marker to use for numbering or lettering, which must be 1, a, A, i, or I.

A

type attribute

79
Q
  • especially crucial for representing complex data, such as stock
    reports and time tables.
  • Various types of information benefit from being presented by using this
A

Tables

80
Q

Creates a table.

A

<table>...</table>

81
Q

Defines a table caption, which is like the title.

A

caption>…</caption>

82
Q

Defines a cell as a header for a group of column or row cells

A

<th>...</th>

83
Q

Defines a table caption, which is like the title.

A

caption>…</caption>

84
Q

Defines a cell as a header for a group of column or row cells

A

<th>...</th>

85
Q

Defines a row in a table, and tr stands for table row.

A

<tr>...</tr>

86
Q

Defines a cell in a table row of a table, and td stands for table data

A

< <td>…</td>

87
Q

Defines a group of columns.

A

<colgroup>...</colgroup>

88
Q

Defines a column and is usually in a <colgroup> element

A

<col></col>

.

89
Q

Defines a block of rows that define the head of the columns of a table

A

<thead>...</thead>

90
Q

Defines the set of rows that form the body for a table

A

<tbody>...</tbody>

91
Q

Defines a set of rows that summarize the columns of a table.

A

<tfoot>...</tfoot>

92
Q

crucial in extending the application of
tablesbeyond just using them to present basic information.

A

merging of table cells

93
Q

this is achieved with the rowspan and colspan attributes in what elements?

A

<th> and <td> elements.
</td></th>

94
Q

technically known as hyperlinks, are the very essence of the Web,
o because they are the feature that enables interconnection between
pages and browsing, without which the Web would be non-existent.

A

Links

95
Q

Common types of links

A

● Linking from a page to another website.
● Linking from a page to another page on the same website.
● Linking from a part of a page to another part on the same page.
● Linking from a page to a specific part of a page on another website

96
Q

element used to create links

A

<a> … </a>

97
Q

hyperlink reference attribute

A

href

WEB PROGRAMMING 12 - 1st Quarter (3 decks)

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