1.1-1.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of the state?

A

Population, territory, sovereignty, government.

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2
Q

Population

A

People in the state. The most important

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3
Q

Territory

A

Land in the state that is known and recognized with boundaries.

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4
Q

Sovereignty

A

The states’ supreme and absolute power within its territory; decides its own foreign and domestic decisions.

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5
Q

Government

A

Needed in every state. The rules and the way to enforce them.

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6
Q

The main purposes of government are described in the…

A

Preamble of the Consitution

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7
Q

The purposes according to the Preamble (6 things):

A

More perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquillity, provide common defense, promote general welfare, secure the blessings of liberty (guarantee individual rights)

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8
Q

Three standards of government:

A

Who can participate?
Geographic distribution of the governmental power within the state.
Relationship between the legislative and executive branches.

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9
Q

Direct democracy

A

the people make their own decisions directly

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10
Q

Indirect democracy

A

a small group of people chosen by the citizens to act as their representatives, expresses what the people want; republic

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11
Q

A democracy gives power to…

A

the people

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12
Q

Dictatorship gives power to…

A

one leader who has absolute power; the people can do nothing about it.

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13
Q

Autocracy

A

government in which a single person holds unlimited political power

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14
Q

Oligarchy

A

government in which the power to rule is held by a small group

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15
Q

Unitary government

A

all powers held by a single, central agency

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16
Q

Confederation

A

alliance of independent states

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17
Q

Federal government

A

powers of government are divided between a central/national government state and local governments (US has this)

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18
Q

Concepts of democracy (5 things)

A

Every citizen matters, equality, follow majority rule but don’t forget minority rights, compromise, wide spectrum of individual freedoms

19
Q

What is the difference between duties and responsibilities as a citizen?

A

Your duties are required and responsibilities are just things you should do.

20
Q

Free enterprise system

A

an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership; investments are determined by private decision; determined in a free market

21
Q

Who decides what is made, the prices of things, etc. in a free enterprise system?

A

The people

22
Q

Who had a rule over the colonies and why?

A

England; they were seen as a financial investment.

23
Q

What were clashes in interest between the colonies and England (6 things)?

A

Taxes, free speech, free press, land ownership, free religion, a fair system of justice

24
Q

Why were governors put in the colonies?

A

To be England’s eyes and ears

25
Q

Who did the colonists want to listen to as far as their laws being made?

A

Their elected colonial legislature

26
Q

Colonists were fed up with Englands…

A

Tyranny

27
Q

Tyranny

A

The abuse of power

28
Q

Who were some important people in the revolution (5 people)?

A

Thomas Jefferson, Ben Frankin, Tomas Paine, Patrick Henry, John Adams

29
Q

What were two documents that inspired that inspired the colonists that focused on legal rights, free speech, etc.?

A

Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights

30
Q

Why did the colonists like the Magna Carta

A

It was the first time the people had a say in the government

31
Q

Why did the colonists like the English Bill of Rights

A

John Locke inspired many of the central ideas

32
Q

Natural Rights

A

rights all men are born with and no one should be able to deny (Life and Liberty)

33
Q

John Locke’s ideas

A

if a government abuses power then the people should change it; protect natural rights; Representative government is the only legit form

34
Q

Montesquieu ideas

A

divide power to prevent tyranny; separation of powers, limited government; checks and balances, federalism.

35
Q

What did the colonists believe was the only way to get what they wanted from England?

A

Independence

36
Q

Who was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence?

A

Thomas Jefferson

37
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

lists all of the abuses of power by England against the colonies; declared themselves separate from England and its rule; free and independent states

38
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

the first attempt at a plan of government after the war.

39
Q

With the Articles of Confederation, most of the power remained with….

A

the states; the was no president. (Congress had no real power)

40
Q

Congress couldn’t do what during the Articles of Confederation?

A

Tax and solve issues between states.

41
Q

What were the states afraid of?

A

Tyranny

42
Q

What led the leaders of the states to look for another plan of government?

A

Debt, internal turmoil, things like Shay’s rebellion

43
Q

What was drafted to replace the Articles of Confederation and in what year did it replace them?

A

The Constitution; 1787