Glossary words

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

The passage of a substance across and into tissues.

Question 2

Ampule

Answer 2

A small sterile glass or plastic container that usually contains a single dose of solution to be administered parenterally.

Question 3

anaphylactic reaction

Answer 3

hypersensitive, an immediate and life-threatening allergic response characterized by bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, and a rapid drop in blood pressure

Question 4

dermatological

Answer 4

pertaining to the skin

Question 5

drug tolerance

Answer 5

a state of adaptation in which exposure to a drug induces changes that result in diminution of one or more drug’s effects over over time.

Question 6

enteric coated

Answer 6

tablets coated with a substance that does not dissolve until reaching the intestine where medication is absorbed. this is used when drug constituents are irritating to the oral and gastric mucosa.

Question 7

excretion

Answer 7

the process of eliminating, shedding or getting rid of substances by body organs or tissues.

Question 8

inhalation

Answer 8

A method of medication delivery through the pt’s respiratory tract through the nasal or oral route.

Question 9

instillation

Answer 9

a procedure in which a fluid is slowly introduced into a cavity or passage of the body (e.g. rectum) and allowed to remain for a specific length of time before being withdrawn or drained:
ATI DEF: administration of a liquid drop by drop

Question 10

medication

Answer 10

a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, cure, relief, or prevention of disease.

ATI: term used for drug when it is given to or taken by a particular individual for therapeutic purposes

Question 11

metabolism

Answer 11

the aggregate of all chemical processes that take place in living organisms, resulting in growth, generation of energy, elimination of wastes, and other functions concerned with the distribution of nutrients in the blood after digestion.

Question 12

ophthalmic / ocular

Answer 12

pertaining to the eye

Question 13

prescription

Answer 13

the written directions for a therapeutic agent. (e.g., medication, drugs)

Question 14

solution

Answer 14

A mixture of one or more substances dissolved in another substance. the molecules of each of the substances disperse homogeneously and do not change chemically. A solution may be liquid, gas, or solid.

Question 15

suppository

Answer 15

a solid form of medication inserted into a body cavity (e.g., rectum or vagina). The drug is absorbed after it dissolves in the cavity.

Question 16

suspension

Answer 16

a liquid in which a small particles of a solid are dispersed, but not dissolved, and in which the dispersal is maintained by stirring or shaking the mixture.

Question 17

systemic

Answer 17

pertaining to the whole body rather than to a localized area.

Question 18

Topical (topical agents)

Answer 18

drugs or treatments applied to the surface part of the body.

Question 19

adverse reaction

Answer 19

any noxious, unintended, and undesired result of taking a drug in appropriate doses; also called an adverse effect; often used synonymously with side effect, but side effects also include results that, although not the intended therapeutic effects, are harmless and possibly helpful

Question 20

dose

Answer 20

a measured quantity to be administered at one time, such as a specified amount of medication; often used synonymously with dosage, but dosage refers to the overall dosing regimen, not necessarily a single dose

Question 21

drug

Answer 21

any chemical or other nondrug substance that can affect living processes

Question 22

generic name

Answer 22

referring to a noncommercial name assigned to a drug, usually less complex than the drug’s chemical name and more complex than a brand or trade; also known as a nonproprietary name.

Question 23

idiosyncratic effect

Answer 23

an uncommon, unexpected, or individual drug response thought to result from a genetic predisposition

Question 24

synergistic effect

Answer 24

an increase in the effects of any or all of two or more drugs taken together.

Question 25

unit dose system

Answer 25

provision of drugs in single-dose packages

Question 26

dosage

Answer 26

the determination and regulation of the size, frequency, and number of doses of a medication to be given to or taken by an individual patient; often used synonymously with dose, but dose refers to the amount to be given at one time, not the overall dosing regimen

Question 27

Aerosol

Answer 27

Aqueous medication sprayed and absorbed in mouth and upper airway; not meant for ingestion

Question 28

Antagonistic effect

Answer 28

A biological response to exposure to a single chemical interfering with the action of another or to multiple chemicals interfering with each others actions

Question 29

Body surface area

Answer 29

BSA! When a medication comes in contact with a large surface area, it is absorbed at a faster rate. This helps explain why the majority of medications are absorbed in the small intestine rather than the stomach.

Question 30

Caplet

Answer 30

Shaped like a capsule and coated for easy swallowing

Question 31

Capsule

Answer 31

Medication encased in a gelatin shell

Question 32

Cumulative effect

Answer 32

The state in which a series of repeated actions have an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects; especially in the repeated administration of drugs

Question 33

Cream

Answer 33

Semisolid, externally applied preparation, usually containing one or more medication

Question 34

Distribution

Answer 34

After medication is absorbed, it is distributed within the body tissues and organs and ultimately to its specific site of action. The rate and extent of distribution depend on the physical and chemical properties of the medication and the physiology of the person taking it.

Question 35

Drug abuse

Answer 35

The habitual taking of addictive or illegal drugs

Question 36

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 36

The study of how medications enter the body, reach their site of action, metabolize, and exit the body.

Question 37

Pharmacology

Answer 37

The branch of medicine concerned with the uses, effect, and modes of action of drugs

Question 38

Reconstitution

Answer 38

Restructure: construct or form anew or provide with new structure.

Question 39

Serum half life

Answer 39

The period of time required for the concentration or amount of the drug in the body to be reduced to exactly one- half of a given concentration or amount

Question 40

Tincture

Answer 40

A medicine made by dissolving a drug in alcohol

Question 41

Troche (lozenge)

Answer 41

Cough drop: a medicated lozenge to soothe the throat

Question 42

Trade name

Answer 42

A name that has the status of a trademark

Question 43

Elixir

Answer 43

Clear fluid containing water and/ alcohol; often sweetened

Question 44

Tablet

Answer 44

Powdered medication compressed into hard disk or cylinder; in addition to primary medication, contains binders (adhesive to allow powder to stick together), disintegrates ( to promote tablet dissolution), lubricants (for ease of manufacturing), and fillers ( for convenient tablet size) page 567 Fund

Question 45

Extract

Answer 45

Syrup or dried form of pharmacologically active medication, usually made by evaporating solution

Question 46

Syrup

Answer 46

Medication dissolved in concentrated sugar solution