dermatology

Question 1

Presents as tiny nonerythematous pustules, ruptured pustules up to several millimeters in diameter with a ring of scale, and healing pustules with underlying hyperpigmentation

Answer 1

neonatal pustular melanosis

BUZZ: non erythematous
Wright staining: neutrophils
Gram stain: no organisms

Question 2

A two week old presents with pustules, crusts, or erosions clustered . Mom reports it initially appear vesicles on an erythematous base.

What is diagnosis

Answer 2

Congenital HSV
- present as localized disease with mucocutaneous lesions around 2 weeks after birth and is uncommon at the time of delivery

• Dx: Tzanck smear, direct fluorescence examination, culture, and/or polymerase chain reaction testing of the lesion
• treatment with acyclovir is indicated in affected infants.

Question 3

A term neonate presents after birth with generalized rash with tiny 2- to 4-mm erythematous macules, papules, and pustules on an erythematous base

Whats the diagnosis?

Answer 3

Congenital cutaneous candidiasis

Dx: Potassium hydroxide testing of scrapings of the skin lesion- spores and pseudohyphae of Candida albicans.
Tx: Term infants may be observed, but some authors suggest treatment with topical or oral antifungal treatment.

Question 4

Female newborn presents with:
* redness of the skin , blisters and boils, most often affecting the extremities and the scalp
* Eosinophilia on CBC

Mom’s pregnancy hx: mulitple pregnancy loss prior

What the diagnosis?

Answer 4

Incontinentia pigmenti
* X linked dominant
* IKBKG gene: regulation of the cell’s division and programmed cell death.
* Sx: Vesicular lesions along Blaschko; Eosinophilia (peripheral and skin lesion) in the newborn period
* Long term prognosis: developmental delay, seizures, and blindness

Question 5

Quick facts on

Epidermolysis bullosa

Answer 5

• hereditary blistering skin diseases for structural proteins involved in
  maintaining the integrity of the basement membrane
• Neonatal presentation: Junctional EB- inheritance AR
• Sx: extremely fragile skin, resulting in friction-induced blisters, tense bullae and erosions at birth
• Morbidities: malNTN, fluid loss, infection
• Associated with pyloric stenosis

Question 6

what is cutis aplasia congentia associated with

Answer 6

neural tube defect