dentition Flashcards
Incisors (I)
on the labial side
teeth: (2,4)
spatulate with a single sharp cutting edge sloping mesial distally
marginal ridges
cingulum at cervix
maxillary are larger than mandibular
one root, flat or groove sided
anterior teeth
canines (C)
on the labial side
teeth: (1,2)
like an incisor but pointed
asymmetric
maxillary is much larger than the mandibular
anterior teeth
premolar
on the buccal side
teeth: (,4)
usually 2 cusps, 1 root
in humans serve same purpose as molars
posterior teeth
molars (M)
on the buccal side
grinding function
size & stability M1>M2>M3
4-5 cusps but can have up to 7
M1 starts to develop before birth
have the most variants and morphology
posterior teeth
deciduous teeth
20 teeth
no premolar, missing 3 molar
child
formula: 2,1,2
all have root resorption that starts at the bottom of the root to the crown.
all roots are “sharp”
permanent teeth
32 teeth
formula: 2,1,2,3
human dental formula
2.1.2.3
(cut in half)
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molar
human vs non human
dentine
second layer inside of tooth
located in both crown and root
makes up the bulk of the tooth beneath the enamel and cementum
lines the pulp cavity
enamel
shiny, outer layer
the protective outer surface of the anatomic crown
96% mineral
hardest tissue in the body
pulp chamber
innermost layer, leads to canal, blood vessels/ nerves
has formative, sensory, nutritive, and functions during the life of the tooth
the space i the tooth that in life contains the pulp or “nerve” of the tooth, will be absent in our specimens in class. it has a coronal (crown) portion and a radicular (root) portion (usually called the root canal)
cementum
outside of root
this substance covers the surface of the anatomic root
root
can be used in 2 ways:
1. the anatomical root is the portion of the tooth that is covered with cementum, a bone-like substance that facilitates anchorage of the tooth in its bony socket (the alveolus)
- the clinical root is that part of the anatomical root that is actually embedded in the jaw. in a patient with advanced bone loss, the clinical root may be reduced in size
neck
area between the crown and the root
crown
term can be used in 2 ways:
1. the anatomical crown is covered with enamel
- the clinical crown is the portion of the anatomical crown that is visible clinically. its what you see when you look into the mouth
root canal
the pulp chamber
a space within the root of a tooth
contains the pulp chamber, also has the main canal
cervical line
the line that separates the anatomic crown from the anatomic root. junction between 2 tissues (the enamel and cementum).
also called the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)
also called the cervix of the tooth
cusp
a point or peak on the occlusal surface of molar and premolar teeth and on the incisal edges of canines.
also defined as: an elevation on the occlusal surface crown of a tooth making up a divisional part of the occlusal surface.
lingual
tongue side
buccal
cheek side
facial surface of anterior teeth towards the cheeks
occlusal
bite
biting surface
that surface that articulates with an antagonist tooth in a opposing arch
apical
root tip
towards the apex