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comparative anatomy > Classification of prochordates and vertebrates > Flashcards

Classification of prochordates and vertebrates Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of chordates

A

Notochord, dorsal nerve chord, pharyngeal gill slits, ad post anal tail

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2
Q

Characteristics of phylum Chordata

A

notochord, pharyngeal slits, endostyle or thyroid gland, dorsal tubular nerve cord, post anal tail

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3
Q

protostomes fundamental patterns

A

Blastophore (mouth), spiral cleavage, schizocoelic coelom, and ectodermal skeleton

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4
Q

Deuterostomes fundamental patterns

A

Blastopore (anus), radial cleavage, enterocoelic coelom, mesodermal skeleton

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5
Q

The notochord develops from the ______ in chordates

A

Mesoderm

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6
Q

the notochord is a _______ organ with elastic properties

A

hydrostatic

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7
Q

the notochord resists

A

compression

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8
Q

The notochord induces ________ development

A

dorsal neural tube

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9
Q

Pharyngeal slits are formed when

A

pockets of ectoderm and endoderm meet

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10
Q

Pharyngeal slits pierce or nearly pierce the wall if the

A

pharynx

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11
Q

the endostyle is a glandular groove in the floor of the

A

pharynx

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12
Q

The endostyle utilizes

A

iodine

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13
Q

Common animals that have an endostyle are the

A

urochordates, cephalochordates and larval lampreys’

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14
Q

the thyroid gland develops from the

A

the floor of the pharynx

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15
Q

The thyroid require ____ for proper function

A

iodine

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16
Q

The thyroid has

A

endodermal origin

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17
Q

Adult lampreys, hagfish, and gnathostomates have

A

thyroids

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18
Q

the neural plate develops from the

A

ectoderm

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19
Q

The dorsal tubular nerve cord develops

A

dorsal to the notochord

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20
Q

Invagination

A

is the folding and rolling of the neural plate into a tube

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21
Q

the postanal tail develops from the

A

ectoderm

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22
Q

Postanal tail allows for

A

motility and balance

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23
Q

In cephalochordates the _______ and the _________ remain in adults

A

notochord; nerve chord

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24
Q

cephalochordates have a endostyle that

A

secretes mucus

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25
Q

Cephalochordates have a _______ on the roof of the bucal cavity

A

Hatscheks pit

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26
Q

Cephalochordates have a _______ complex

A

pharyngeal arch

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26
Q

Cephalochordates lack

A

hearts and kidneys

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27
Q

Cephalochordates have a ______ for filter water exit

A

atriopore

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28
Q

urochordates are free swimming larvae that have a _____ and ______

A

notochord neural tube

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29
Q

urochordates have

A

multiple pharyngeal slits

30
Q

urochordates have a _____ outer body cover

A

tunic

31
Q

urochordate adults are

A

sessile

32
Q

urochordates have a ______ that secrete mucus

A

endostyle

33
Q

in urochordates the anus empties into the

A

atrium

34
Q

there are two subphylum vertebrata

A

superclass agnatha and gnathostomata

35
Q

superclass agnatha has two classes named

A

myxini (slime/hagfish)
cephalaspidomorphi (head shield shape/lampreys)

36
Q

Superclass gnathostomata has six classes

A

Chondrichyes (cartilage)
osteichthyes (bony fish)
amphibia
reptilia
aves
ammalia

37
Q

Agnatha (jawless fish) have no

A

scales

38
Q

Agnatha (jawless fish) have a persistent

A

notochord

39
Q

Agnatha (jawless fish) have one _____ and one _____

A

Auricle; ventricle

40
Q

Agnatha (jawless fish) have differentiated

A

brain and cranial nerves

41
Q

Agnatha (jawless fish) have a ______ but no ______

A

digestive system ; stomach

42
Q

Agnatha (jawless fish) have sense organs for

A

taste smell and hearing

43
Q

Agnatha (jawless fish) eggs are fertilized

A

externally

44
Q

Hagfish release

A

slime from skin

45
Q

hagfish have ____ nostril

A

one

46
Q

hagfish has body fluid similar to

A

seawater

47
Q

hagfish have

A

teeth like processes on the tongue

48
Q

hagfish have both ______ but only one works

A

testes and ovaries

49
Q

lampreys have sucker like

A

oral disk

50
Q

lampreys have well developed

A

teeth

51
Q

lampreys have ______ fins

A

medial

52
Q

lampreys have missing _____ fins

A

paired

53
Q

lampreys have single _________ opening

A

nasopharyngeal

54
Q

lamprey larva major organs

A

endostyle, liver, gallbladder, kidney, 3 lobed brain (forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain)

55
Q

chondrichthyes have a ______ skeleton

A

cartilaginous

56
Q

chondrichthyes have _______ scales

A

placoid

57
Q

chondrichthyes have ____ replacement of teeth

A

serial

58
Q

chondrichthyes have a persistance

A

notochord

59
Q

chondrichthyes have a complete ______ column

A

vertrbral

60
Q

chondrichthyes have paired

A

pectoral and pelvis fins

61
Q

chondrichthyes have a ____ heart

A

2 chambered

62
Q

chondrichthyes have a

A

stomach

63
Q

chondrichthyes have accessory digestive organs

A

liver, pancreas, and gall bladder

64
Q

chondrichthyes have a ____ with lobes

A

brain

65
Q

chondrichthyes have a ______ system

A

circulatory

66
Q

osteichthyes have a _____ skeleton

A

bony

67
Q

osteichthyes have ____ glands

A

mucus

68
Q

osteichthyes have ______ _____ arches

A

bony gilled

69
Q

osteichthyes have a _____ bladder

A

swim

70
Q

osteichthyes have ______ scales

A

dermal

71
Q

osteichthyes have ______ chambers covered by _______

A

gill ; operculum

72
Q

osteichthyes have ____ and _____ fins

A

median ; paired

comparative anatomy (17 decks)

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