Module 2 - c

Question 1

Factors that influence Urination

Answer 1

Developmental-(toilet training,aging), Food.Fluid balance, Psychological variables, Activity and Muscle tone, Pathological conditions, Meds (Nephrotoxic- gentamyacin, Nsaids, aspirin(lg amounts)

Question 2

Bladder

Answer 2

Functioning is increased with improved bld flow, a result of exercise. This helps in regulation of the Kidneys and urination. Periods of long bed rest can affect your bodies ability to urinate.

Question 3

Anuria

Answer 3

less than 50ml in 24hrs

Question 4

Dysuria

Answer 4

painful urination

Question 5

Enuresis

Answer 5

med wetting

Question 6

Frequency

Answer 6

^ incidence of voiding

Question 7

Glycosuria

Answer 7

presence of sugar in the urine

Question 8

Nocturia

Answer 8

urinating at night

Question 9

Oliguria

Answer 9

scanty urine, diminishes in a given time period(less than 400ml in 24 hr period)

Question 10

Dialysis

Answer 10

Only way to pass toxins. (kidney disease)

Question 11

Polyuria

Answer 11

excessive amounts- increased diuresis

Question 12

Pyuria

Answer 12

pus (cloudy)

Question 13

Supression

Answer 13

reduction

Question 14

Urgency

Answer 14

always have the feeling the need to elimininate

Question 15

Assessment of Urinary function (subjective)

Answer 15

voiding patterns, habits, difficulties. A patients response to questioning

Question 16

Assessment of Urinary function (objective)

Answer 16

tenderness, right place, skin integrity, inspection of urine

Question 17

Assessment of Urinary function (physical)

Answer 17

kidneys, bladder/urethral meatus, skin, urine

Question 18

Characteristics or normal Urine

Answer 18

Color-pale yellow,straw,amber. Odor-faint aromatic:on standing ammonia. Turbidity-clear,translucent (should always be). PH- 4.6-8. Specific Gravity- 1.015-1.025

Question 19

Specific Gravity

Answer 19

1.015-1.025. High SG- Big indication is a high for dehydration. (dark urine, dehydration, trauma, meds, UTI ) Low SG-( light urine, H2O/hydrate, infants, foods)

Question 20

Characteristics or normal Urine (constituents)

Answer 20

Urea- protein metabolism/waste products. Uric acid- product of Protein metab. Creatinin- kidney function (0.4-1.2). BUN-1(0-20) high levels w/ dehtdration. Low indicates over hydration and malnourishment.

Question 21

Characteristics or normal Urine (inorganic)

Answer 21

ammonia, sodium chloride, iron, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium.

Question 22

24 hr urine specimin

Answer 22

discard 1st void, collect for 24 hr straight, Must refrigerate or keep on ice.

Question 23

Variables influencing Bowel Elimination

Answer 23

Developmental, daily pattern, food/fluids, activity and muscle tone (immobilty -constipation), lifestyle, psychological variables (stress/anxiety), pathological conditions (colon cancer, blood, pain), Meds (coumidin-effects color of stool), diagnostic studies, surgery and anesthesia

Question 24

Promoting Normalcy

Answer 24

timing, positioning, privacy, nutrition, exercise

Question 25

Nursing Assessment- abdomen

Answer 25

Visualize (inspect- shapes and waves), Auscultate (bowel sounds), Percuss, Palpate

Question 26

Normal Characteristics of stool

Answer 26

volume, color, odor, consistency, shape, constituents