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History- Russia > Key Vocabulary > Flashcards

Key Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Tsar

A

Title given to leaders of Russia 1547-1917

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2
Q

Autocracy

A

System of Government by one person with absolute power

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3
Q

Constitutional Monarchy

A

system of government in which a monarch shares power with a government

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4
Q

Serfdom

A

a system which had existed in Russia since the 12th century where peasants were owned by a landowner

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5
Q

Liberal

A

A political philosophy that promotes individual rights , civil liberties and democracy

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6
Q

Reactionary

A

A political philosophy that favours policies which are backward looking to restore the past

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7
Q

Communist

A

Left wing ideology whose goal is the creation of a communist society

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8
Q

Political authority

A

Refers to the legitimate authority (the right) of the state or tsar to rule and ensure their citizens obey their rule

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9
Q

Ideology

A

Ideas which support a system or theory.

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10
Q

Dictatorship

A

A government ruled by a dictator- a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force

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11
Q

Terror

A

The use of violence and intimidation , especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims

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12
Q

Communist society

A

A classless society in which the major means of production, such as mines, are owned and controlled by the public.

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13
Q

Emancipation

A

To free from bondage

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14
Q

Judiciary

A

Part of Government responsible for the legal system

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15
Q

Bureaucracy

A

A system of government where most decisions are taken by state officials rather than by elected representatives

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16
Q

Populist

A

A socialist movement who believed that propaganda among the peasantry would lead to the masses demanding change.

17
Q

Revolutionary

A

Describes an individual, organisation or theory, which supports fundamental political change often removing the government.

18
Q

Land and Liberty

A

A 19th Century socialist movement who continued the work of the Populists and pushed for constitual reform.

19
Q

Peoples will

A

A socialist revolutionary organisation that regarded terrorism as the best means of forcing political reform.

20
Q

Intelligentsia

A

More educated liberal leaning members of Russian society

21
Q

Emancipation of Labour

A

The first Marxist group in Russia established by Georgi
Plekhanov- ‘the father of Russian Marxism’

22
Q

Poll tax

A

A tax on the peasantry, nobles and clergy were exempt

23
Q

Russification

A

The process of merging all subjects in the Russian Empire into a single nation with a shared cultural identity

24
Q

Pogrom

A

an organised massacre of a particular ethnic group, in particular that of Jewish people in Russia

25
Q

Land Captain

A

A state-appointed official with power to override elections to the local government and disregard their decisions.

26
Q

Land Bank

A

Assisted those who wanted to buy land with low interest loans

27
Q

Police State

A

All activities of the people are closely monitored and controlled for political reasons

28
Q

Okhrana

A

Secret Police established in 1881

29
Q

Orthodox
Church

A

The official state religion of tsarist Russia

30
Q

Civil rights

A

Personal rights, for example freedom of speech and religion.

31
Q

Council of ministers

A

13 ministers in charge of different areas – education, transport and finance

32
Q

Imperial Council

A

50-60 nobles chosen by Tsar to advice personally.

33
Q

Central Bureaucracy

A

Carry out wishes of Tsar- take orders to villages
Higher ranks- nobles
Lower ranks- Children of clergy, professionals

34
Q

The Bureaucracy- Provincial Governors

A

Russian empire was divided into 50 provinces led by provincial governors

35
Q

The Bureaucracy- Marshals of the Nobility

A

Each province was divided into 20 districts, led by marshals of the nobility

36
Q

The Bureaucracy- local police

A

At the most local level, villages were overseen by a local police

History- Russia (10 decks)

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