Carboxylic Acid Flashcards
Carboxylic acids have the general formula…
RCOOH
What are the functional groups in carboxylic acids
C=O - Carvinyl group
-OH - Hydroxyl group
Why are carboxylic acids weak?
Because the COOH group in the molecule is responsible for its acidity
The methods for the preparation of carboxylic acids are…
- Hydrolysis of Nitrites
- Oxidation of primary alcohols
- Grignard reagent
In the oxidation of alcohols for the preparation of carboxylic acids, the catalyst is
Na²Cr²O⁷
List the properties of carboxylic acids
- They undergo addition reaction
- They have high boiling point amd more soluble than alcohol, aldehyde and ketone
- They interact with water molecules by hydrogen bonding through both their carbonyl and hydroxyl groups.
- They consists of two regions of polarities.
Hydropllic(polar molecule) and hydrophobic (non-popar molecule)
Oxidising agents are
H²SO⁴
K²Cr²O⁷
KMNO⁴
Na²Cr²O⁷
Reducing agents are
LiAlH⁴
NaBH⁴
H²/Pt
When acids reacts with alcohols what is formed
Esters are formed. This is a neutralisation reaction.
When an acid reacts with amines or amino group, what is formed
Amide is formed
CH3CH2OH + NA GIVES
Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen
CH3CH2ONA + H2
When acids reacts with thionyl chloride
It forms an acid chloride
Further oxidation of primary Alcohol gives
Carboxylic acid
Carboxylic Acids are polar due to
The presence of both a carbonyl and hydroxyl functional group.
As carbon increases across the group, the solubility in water
Decreases I.e the more polar it becomes
