General GI anatomy

Question 1

what is digestion

Answer 1

breaking down of food we eat into simple substances that our bodies can absorb

Question 2

what is digestive absorption

Answer 2

passage of the end product of digestion from the GI tract into the blood and lymphatic vessels either by diffusion or active transport

Question 3

what is secretion

Answer 3

process by which substances are produced and discharged from a cell, gland or organ for a particular function

Question 4

what is motility

Answer 4

ability for an organism to move independently using metabolic energy

Question 5

function of pancreas

Answer 5

contains digestive enzymes for digestion of fats, carbs and proteins

Question 6

function of liver

Answer 6

contains bile salts for digestion/ absorption or fats in small intestine

Question 7

function of gallbladder

Answer 7

stores and concentrates bile

Question 8

function of small intestine

Answer 8

final stages of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

Question 9

function of large intestine

Answer 9

water absorption, bacterial fermentation and formation of faeces

Question 10

four layers of tunica

Answer 10

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externia, serosa/ adventitia

Question 11

type of epithelium in mouth, oesophagus and anal canal

Answer 11

stratified squamous

Question 12

type of epithelium in stomach, small intestine and large intestine

Answer 12

simple columnar

Question 13

what is adventitia

Answer 13

connective tissue outer layer of alimentary canal
1. outside peritoneal cavity- adventitia attaches oesophagus and rectum to surroundings
2. inside cavity- serosa surrounds stomach, small intestine and large intestine

Question 14

3 constrictions of the oesophagus

Answer 14

cervical, thoracic (crossed by arch of aorta), diaphragmatic

Question 15

how much bile can gallbladder hold

Answer 15

50ml

Question 16

what artery supplies gallbladder

Answer 16

cystic artery which lies in triangle of clot

Question 17

where does pancreas lie

Answer 17

along transpyloric plane

Question 18

where is portal vein formed

Answer 18

portal vein is formed behind the neck of the pancreas

Question 19

3 branches of celiac trunk

Answer 19

left gastric artery, hepatic artery and splenic artery

Question 20

origin of celiac trunk

Answer 20

T12

Question 21

where would you find left gastric artery

Answer 21

runs along lesser curvature of stomach

Question 22

where would you find hepatic artery

Answer 22

supplying liver and gallbladder

Question 23

where would u find splenic artery

Answer 23

upper margin of pancreas

Question 24

3 things that distinguish from large and small intestine

Answer 24

1. omental appendices- small, fatty projections
2. haustra or sacculations
3. teniae coli- thick bands of smooth muscle

Question 25

what two veins from portal vein

Answer 25

splenic vein and mesenteric vein