The Pulp and Periodontium Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

what is the pathway of disease after a tooth has been infected with caries

A

pulp hyperaemia
acute pulpitis - chronic
acute apical periodontitis
acute apical abscess - chronic sinus
chronic apical infection
apical cysts
infected apical radicular cyst

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2
Q

what are the clinical features of hyperaemia

A

pain lasting for seconds
stimulated by hot/cold or sweet foods
resolves after stimulus
caries approaching pulp but tooth can still be restored without treating pulp

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3
Q

what are the clinical features of acute pulpitis

A

constant severe pain
reacts to thermal stimuli
poorly localised pain
referral of pain
no response to analgesics
often symptoms less severe

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4
Q

what helps aid your diagnosis of acute pulpitis

A

history
visual examination
no TTP
pulp testing is equivocal
radiographs
diagnostic local anaesthetic (numbs sore area)
removal of restorations

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5
Q

what gives you a diagnosis of acute apical periodontitis

A

TTP
non-vital tooth
slight increase in mobility
loss of clarity of lamina dura
radiolucent shadow
delay in changes at apex of tooth
widened apical periodontal space

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6
Q

what is the cause of traumatic periodontitis

A

parafunction

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7
Q

what is included in the diagnosis of traumatic periodontitis

A

clinical examination of occlusion
TTP
vital tooth
radiographs show general widening of PDL

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8
Q

how do you treat traumatic periodontitis

A

occlusal adjustment
therapy for parafunction

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9
Q

what are the types of pus producing infections

A

acute apical abscess
periodontal abscess
pericoronitis
sialadenitis

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10
Q

what organisms are included in abscesses

A

polymicrobial
anaerobes

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11
Q

what are the symptoms of abscesses before it perforates bone

A

severe unremitting pain
acute tenderness in function
acute tenderness on percussion

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12
Q

what are the symptoms of abscesses after perforating through bone

A

pain remits
swelling, redness and heat apparent
pain returns with swelling
initial reduction in TTP

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13
Q

what does the site of a swelling depend on

A

position of tooth in arch
root length
muscle attachments
spaces in proximity to lesion

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14
Q

what is the treatment for abscesses

A

drainage
determine antibiotic need

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15
Q

what is the need for antibiotics determined by

A

severity
absence of adequate drainage
patients medical condition

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16
Q

what local factors would signify that the patient needs antibiotics

A

toxicity
airway compromised
dysphagia
trismus
lymphadenitis
location

17
Q

what systemic factors would signify that the patient needs antibiotics

A

immunocompromised
diabetes
extremes of age

18
Q

what are the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation

A

heat
redness
swelling
pain
loss of function

19
Q

what is reversible pulpitis

A

level of inflammation in which returning to a normal state is possible if stimuli removed

20
Q

what are the signs for reversible pulpitis

A

mild-moderate tooth pain when stimulated
no pain without stimulus
subsides within seconds
no mobility
no TTP

21
Q

what is irreversible pulpitis

A

higher level of inflammation where pulp damaged beyond point of recovery
sharp throbbing severe pain upon stimulation
spontaneous
need RCT

22
Q

what is a periapical granuloma

A

mass of chronically inflamed granulation tissue at apex of tooth
not a true granuloma because not granulomatous inflammation

23
Q

when are apical radicular cysts seen

A

when tooth is non vital

24
Q

what is an apical radicular cyst

A

apical bone inflammation forming dental granuloma. this stimulates the epithelial rests of malassez giving epithelial proliferation and periapical cyst formation

25
Q
A