1.1

Question 1

Organic compounds

Answer 1

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 2

Composition of CHON

Answer 2

96%

Question 3

Atoms are made of what?

Answer 3

Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons

Question 4

Atomic Mass is calculated how

Answer 4

Protons + Neutron

Question 5

Isotope is what

Answer 5

Form of elements
Same # of protons and different neutrons

Question 6

Radioisotope

Answer 6

Unstable isotope decay = radiation

Turns into another elements atom

Question 7

ionic bonds

Answer 7

Bonds of two oppositely charged atoms

Question 8

Cation

Answer 8

Positive

Question 9

Covalent bond

Answer 9

Share valence electrons

Strength depends on electronegativity of the atom

Question 10

Electronegativity is what

Answer 10

The measure of atoms attraction to electrons
High E.N = attraction of e-
Low E.N. = weak attraction of e-

Question 11

Polar Molecules

Answer 11

Unequal sharing of e- = different electronegativity = polar covalent bonds
Generally water soluble

Question 12

Electronegativity of oxygen and nitrogen

Answer 12

High electronegativity

Question 13

Non polar Molecules

Answer 13

-Equal distribution of charges
-Polar but symmetrical = balanced distribution of charges
-not water soluble

Question 14

What are intermolecular forces

Answer 14

the force of attraction between molecules

Question 15

What are hydrogen bonds

Answer 15

-bond between a slightly positive and slightly negative atom
-forms between same or different atoms
-Strongest and biologically most significant form if van der waals forces

Question 16

Properties of hydrogen bonds

Answer 16

-single H- bonds are weak
-very significant is large numbers = strong
-bio molecules are large = many opportunities for H- bonds

Question 17

Other van der Waal forces properties

Answer 17

-Very weak attraction between two molecules
-forms when momentary attraction of electron to nuclei

Question 18

What is a dehydration Rxn

Answer 18

the joining of two molecules with the removal of water
one molecule loses H- atom while the other loses OH group

Question 19

What is a hydrolysis Rxn

Answer 19

-the splitting of a large molecule with the adding of a water molecule
adds OH group to one adds H- atom to other

Question 20

What is a neutralization reaction

Answer 20

acid + a base to form water + salt

Question 21

What is a Redox reaction

Answer 21

electron transfer reaction
most energy transfer within cells

Question 22

what does LEO stand for

Answer 22

Lose electrons = Oxidation

Question 23

What does GER stand for

Answer 23

Gain electrons = Reduction