Biopsychology- Endocrine system- TB

Question 1

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 1

A network of endocrine glands throughout the body that manufacture & secrete hormones

Question 2

Where do the hormones get secreted 1) into & 2) from?

Answer 2

1) The bloodstream
2) Endocrine glands

Question 3

What is the endocrine system controlled by?

Answer 3

Feedback, and signals from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

Question 4

What are 6 main endocrine glands?

Answer 4

1) Pituitary
2) Adrenal
3) Testes
4) Ovaries
5) Thyroid
6) Pancreas

Question 5

What is the pituitary gland also known as?

Answer 5

The master gland

Question 6

What does the pituitary gland’s hormones do?

Answer 6

Hormones released by it control the secretions from other endocrine glands

Question 7

How many parts does the pituitary gland have?

Answer 7

2

Question 8

What are the two parts of the pituitary gland called and where are they?

Answer 8

1) Anterior (front)
2) Posterior (back)

Question 9

What does the anterior part of the pituitary gland do?

Answer 9

Releases several hormones to target different parts of the body

Question 10

What are 3 examples of hormones produced by the anterior as part of the pituitary?

Answer 10

1) ACTH- stress response & stimulates adrenal gland to produce cortisol
2) LH & FSH- control of reproductive functioning & sexual characteristics

Question 11

What does the posterior part of the pituitary gland do?

Answer 11

Releases other hormones

Question 12

What are 2 examples of hormones produced by the posterior part of the pituitary?

Answer 12

1) Oxytoxin- stimulates uterus contraction
2) ADH- regulates water balance

Question 13

How many parts does the adrenal gland have?

Answer 13

2

Question 14

What are the 2 parts of the adrenal gland called and what are they called?

Answer 14

1) Adrenal medulla (inner part)
2) Adrenal cortex (outer part)

Question 15

What is the adrenal medulla (inner) responsible for?

Answer 15

Producing (nora)adrenaline into bloodstream, causing increased heart rate, blood flow, constriction of vessels

Question 16

What is the adrenal cortex (outer) responsible for?

Answer 16

Releases glucocorticoid hormones

Question 17

What are hormones?

Answer 17

Chemical messengers released by endocrine glands carried via bloodstream through body

Question 18

What do hormones do?

Answer 18

Cause changes in cell activity- can have dramatic changes on behaviour & emotions

Question 19

How fast are hormones?

Answer 19

Slow acting- effects last for some time

Question 20

What is the journey of hormones?

Answer 20

Taken through bloodstream to target cells (cells with receptors for that hormone)

Question 21

When does a physiological change in the target cell occur?

Answer 21

When enough receptor sites are stimulated by hormones

Question 22

What is critical for normal functioning?

Answer 22

Levels and timing of release

Question 23

How is the endocrine system regulated/controlled?

Answer 23

The hypothalamus

Question 24

How does the hypothalamus control the endocrine system?

Answer 24

Secretes a releasing hormone to stimulate the pituitary gland to release stimulating hormones into the bloodstream, which stimulates other endocrine glands to (not) secrete their hormones too

Question 25

What is the endocrine system also regulated by?

Answer 25

Negative feedback system

Question 26

How does the negative feedback system regulate the endocrine system?

Answer 26

Increases in hormones are detected by hypothalamus & pituitary
Hypothalamus shuts down & pituitary decreases secretion of stimulating hormone resulting in stable concentration of hormones in bloodstream