Readings in Philippine History Flashcards
It is the study of the past as it is described in written documents.
History
The greek word meaning “inquiry” knowledge acquired by investigation.
Historia
Events before written record.
It is an umbrella term that relates to past events.
Prehistory
Said that History is not ‘what happened in the past’; rather, it is the act of selecting, analyzing, and writing the past.
Davidson and Lyle
Said that History as broadly defined, as encompasses the entire scope of the human experience on this planet.
Ford
“To be ignorant of the past is to remain always a child.”
Marcus Tullius Cicero
“Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it.”
George Santayana
History is not a burden on the memory, but an illumination of the soul.
John Dalberg Acton
History is written by the victors
Winston Churchill
A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.
Marcus Garvey
There is no future without memory
Jacques Chirac
The study of the past with one eye upon the present is the source of all sins and sophistries in history. It is the essence of what we mean by the “unhistorical”.
Herbert Butterfield
I shall relate quite simply how things happened and without adding anything of my own, which is no small feat for an historian.”
Francois-Marie Arouet “Voltaire
The historian without his facts is rootless and futile; the facts without their historian are dead and meaningless.
Edward Hallet Carr
In your travel, learn the brief history of the place visited. History is rich knowledge.
Lailah Gifty Akiya
“History teaches us that man learns nothing from history.”
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Life can only be understood backwards but it must be lived forward.
Soren Kierkegaard
Writers are historians too. It is in literature that the greater truths about a people and their past are found
Francisco Sionil Jose
We are not makers of history. We are made by history.
Martín Luther King, Jr.
History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon.
Napoleon Bonaparte
History never looks like history when you are living through it.
John W. Gardner
Fear history for it respects no secrets.
Gregoria de Jesus
These refer to handwritten, printed, drawn, designed, and other composed materials.
Documents
These refer to preserved remains of human beings, their activities, and the environment where they lived.
Archaeological Records
These are the third kind of historical source. These are audio-visual documentation of people, events, and places.
Oral and Video Account
These refer to documents, physical objects, and oral/video accounts made by an individual; or a group present at the time and place being described.
Primary Sources
These are materials made by people long after the events being described had taken place.
Secondary Sources
Answers concerns and questions pertinent to the authenticity of a historical source by identifying who composed the historical material, locating when and where the historical material was produced, and establishing the material’s evidential value.
External Criticism
Deals with the credibility and reliability of the content of a given historical source.
Internal Criticism
It has a complete microfilm copies of the Philippine Revolutionary Records, compilation of captured documents of Emilio Aguinaldo’s revolutionary government, and Historical Data Papers.
National Library
It holds a substantial collection of catalogued and uncatalogued Spanish documents about the Philippines composed from 1552-1900.
National Archives
a. University of the Philippines
b. Ateneo de Manila
c. UST
d. San Carlos
Academic Institutions
a. Ayala Museum
b. Lopez Museum
c. Religious Congregations
Privately Owned Museums and Archives
Harvard University, US National Archives, Archivo General de Indias in Spain.
Outside the Philippines
Primary tool of understanding and interpreting the past.
historical sources
It is a technique that help to analyze the actual content and it is features of any kind.
Content Analysis
It helps us to assess text within the context of its historical and cultural setting, and its textuality.
Contextual Analysis
The systematic study of social, political, economic, philosophical, religious, and aesthetic conditions that were in place at the time and place when the text was created.
Cultural Archaeology
Date of The Philippine Declaration of Independence was proclaimed.
June 12, 1898
Year of when the Philippine Revolution began
1896
Who sailed from Hongkong to Manila Bay leading a squadron of US Navy ships.
Commodore George Dewey
Date of when the US defeated the Spanish in the Battle of Manila Bay.
May 1, 1898
Date when Independence was proclaimed.
June 12, 1898
The national anthem of the Philippines
Marcha Filipina Magdalo or Lupang Hinirang
Composed and Played the Lupang Hinirang
Julián Felipe and San Francisco de Malabon marching band.
Who prepared, written and read the Act of the Declaration of Independence in Spanish.
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
How many people signed the Declaration
98 people
The Philippine Revolutionary Government did not recognize the treaty or American sovereignty, and subsequently fought and lost a conflict with United States.
Philippine-American War
Following World War II, the US granted Independence to the Philippines on July 4, 1946 via ____________
The Treaty of Manila
When did President Diosdado Macapagal signed into law Republic Act No. 4166 designating June 12 as Independence Day
1964
The Father of History
Herodotus
Who made the Philippine Flag
Marcela Agoncillo
Lorenza Agoncillo
Delfina Herboza
Old name of Kawit
Cavite el Viejo
Secondary sources can not have the prejudice of the author.
False
Biography is a primary source
False
Time when Independence was proclaimed
4 and 5 in the afternoon
The first inhabitants that emerged in the Philippines during the Pleistocene period.
The First Filipinos
The theory made by Beyer that believed that the inhabitants were Dawnmen came to the Philippines looking for food by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia.
Migration Theory
Another name for Dawnmen because they lived in caves.
Cavemen
A second group of migrants that are composed of dark-skinned pygmies.
They were pygmies who went around practically naked and are good at hunting.
Aetos or Negritoes
They were brown-skinned and of medium height, with straight back hair and flat nose.
Last to migrate to the Philippines.
The Malays
Renowned Filipino anthropologist that disputed
Beyer’s belief that Filipinos descended from Negritoes and Malays
who migrated to the Philippines thousands of years ago.
Felipe Landa Jocano
who said to resemble Peking Man and Java Man
Tabon Man
Instead of the Migration Theory, Jocano advances this theory as a better explanation of how our country was first inhabited by human beings, He believes that the first people of Southeast Asia were products of a long process of evolution and migration. His research indicates that they shared more or less the same culture, beliefs, practices an even similar tools and implements.
Evolution Theory
- Parody of “Sign of the Cross”
- Ang tanda nang cara-i-cruz ang ipangadya mo sa amin Panginoon naming Fraile sa manga bangkay naming, sa ngalan nang Salapi at nang Maputing binte, at nang Espiritung Bugaw. Siya naua.
Ang Tanda ng Cara-I-Cruz
- Parody of “The Act of Contrition”
- Dios na hindi totoo at labis nang pagkatuo gumaga at sumalacay sa akin: pinagsisihan kong masakit sa tanang loobang dilang
pag-asa ko sa iyo, ikaw nga ang berdugo ko.
Panginoon kong Fraile
- Parody of “Our Father”
- Amain naming sumasaconvento ka, sumpain ang ngalan mo, malayo sa amin ang kasakiman mo, quitlin ang liig mo ditto
sa lupa para nang sa langit. Saulan mo cami ngayon nang aming kaning iyonh inaraoarao at patauanin mo kami sa
iyong pagungal para nang pag papataua mo kung kami nacucualtahan; at huag mo kaming ipahintulot sa iyong manunukso at iadya mo kami sa masama mong dila.
Amain Namin
- Parody of “Hail Mary”
- Aba guinoong Baria nakapupuno ka nang alcancia ang Fraile’I sumasainyo bukod ka niyang pinagpala’t pina higuit sa lahat, pinagpala naman ang kaban mong mapasok. Santa Baria Ina nand Deretsos, ipanalangin mo kaming huag anitan ngayon at cami ipapatay. Siya naua.
Aba Guinoong Barya
- Parody of “The Ten Commandments”
- Itong sampong utos nang Fraile’I dalaua ang kinaoouian.
- Ang nauna: Sambahin mo ang Fraile na lalo sa lahat.
- Ang ikalaua: Huag kang mag papahamak manuba nang ngalang deretsos.
Ang ikatlo: Mangilin ka sa Fraile lingo man at fiesta.
Ang ikapat: Isangla mo ang catauan mo sa pagpapalibing sa ama’t ina
Ang ikalima: Huag kang mamamatay kung uala pang salaping pang libing
Ang ikanim: Huag kang makiapid sa kanyang asaua.
Ang ikapito: Huag kang makinakaw.
Ang ikaualo: Huag mo silang pagbibintangan, kahit ka masinungalingan.
Ang ikasiyam: Huag mong ipagkait ang iyong asaua.
Ang ikapulo: Huag mong itangui ang iyong ari.
Ang Mga Utos ng Fraile
-25th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897, until his death.
-McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish–American War.
-McKinley served in the Civil War and rose from private to brevet major.
In 1876, he was elected to Congress, where he became the Republican Party’s expert on the protective tariff, which he promised would bring prosperity.
William Mckinley
