Bones of the Vertebral Column and Thorax

Question 1

The vertebral column is also known as

Answer 1

the Spine

Question 2

The spine extends from _______ to __________

Answer 2

skull to tip of the tail

Question 3

The vertebrae are firmly but not rigidly joined together. This contributes to maintenance of posture and allows what movement?

Answer 3

Flexion/Extension

Question 4

What does the vertebral column enclose/protect?

Answer 4

Spinal cord

Question 5

What regions is the vertebral column divided into?

Answer 5

Cervical = C (neck)
Thoracic = T (Back)
Lumbar = L (Loins)
Sacral = S (Croup)
Caudal - Cd (Tail)

Question 6

What is the vertebral Formula of the dog

Answer 6

C7 T13 L7 S3 Cd 20-23

Question 7

What is the largest part of the vertebrae

Answer 7

Body

Question 8

what does the arch of the vertebra enclose

Answer 8

vertebral foramen (above the body)

Question 9

What does the Arch consist of

Answer 9

two upright pedicles on each side

Question 10

What does the foramen enclose

Answer 10

Spinal cord

Question 11

foramina together constitute what structure?

Answer 11

Vertebral Canal

Question 12

What are the processes of the vertebra

Answer 12

spinous, dorsal, transverse and articular processes

Question 13

The articular processes have a cranial and caudal, where what structure articulate?

Answer 13

Vertebrae

Question 14

What does the Focea Dentis of C1 (Atlas) accommodate?

Answer 14

the dens of C2

Question 15

The thoracic vertebrae articulates with ribs at?

Answer 15

Costal facets (singular of facet is fovea)
Corresponds with ribs in number

Question 16

What differentiates thoracic vertebrae from the others?

Answer 16

the have short bodies and transverse processes
Prominent spinous processes

Question 17

The rib head articulates with?

Answer 17

Cranial and Caudal Costal Fovea

Question 18

The rib tubercle articulates with?

Answer 18

Costal Fovea of the transverse process

Question 19

What vertebra is the Anticlinal Vertebra

Answer 19

T11 - spinous process is perpendicular of long axis of bone

Question 20

All spinal processes cranial to T 11 point in what direction?

Answer 20

Caudally

Question 21

All spinal processes caudal to T 11 point in what direction?

Answer 21

Cranially

Question 22

What differentiates the lumbar vertebrae from others?

Answer 22

Short spinous processes
Long transverse processes
Longer and more uniform shape than thoracic vertebrae

Question 23

What does the Auricular Articular surface of the Sacrum articulate with?

Answer 23

illium

Question 24

what does the ventral sacral foramina of the sacrum allow for?

Answer 24

passage of ventral roots of the sacral nerves

Question 25

Ribs are otherwise known as

Answer 25

costae

Question 26

Ribs are arranged in pairs and articulates with how many vertebrae?

Answer 26

2

Question 27

Which vertebrae (of the two) has the same number designation as the rib

Answer 27

the caudal one

Question 28

The dorsal part of the rib is bony and articulates with?

Answer 28

vertebral column

Question 29

The ventral part of the rib is cartilaginous and articulates with?

Answer 29

Sternum

Question 30

The sternum is made of what three parts?

Answer 30

Manubrium, body, and Xiphoid

Question 31

Where is the manubrium located?

Answer 31

Cranial - projects i front of the 1st rib

Question 32

The body is made of sternabrae joined by what?

Answer 32

Cartilage when the animal is young and then ossifies to bone

Question 32

What does the body of the sternum articulate with?

Answer 32

Costal cartilage of ribs

Question 32

The xiphoid is caudal and consists of?

Answer 32

Flat cartilage at the caudal most aspect

Question 33

The xiphoid supports

Answer 33

Cranial aspect of the abdominal floor

Question 34

The xiphoid gives attachment to ?

Answer 34

Linea Alba (white line) - abdominal muscles meet and fuse on midline

Question 35

What is the vertebral formula of the horse

Answer 35

C7 T18 L6 S5 Cd varies

Question 36

What is the vertebral formula of cattle?

Answer 36

C7 T13 L6 S5 Cd varies