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Nursing Fundamentals > Pharmacology Exam 1 > Flashcards

Pharmacology Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

the study of drugs

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2
Q

Drug

A

any chemical that effects the physiological process of a living organism

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3
Q

Prescription Medications

A

legend drugs (approved by FDA)
need prescription

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4
Q

Over the counter (OTC) medications

A

Account for 60% of all drugs used
do not need prescription

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5
Q

Dietary Supplements

A

Herbals
Vitamins
Minerals

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6
Q

Illegal Drugs

A

Marijuana
Cocaine
Heroin

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7
Q

FDA

A

Food and Drug Administration

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8
Q

High therapeutic index

A

pretty safe

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9
Q

Black Box Warnings

A

serious risk of taking drug

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10
Q

DEA

A

Drug Enforcement Agency

*enforce controlled sustances laws and regulation of the U.S.

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11
Q

Schedule I

A

Highest potential for abuse

*No accepted medical use in the US

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12
Q

Schedule II

A

High potential for abuse

*legal in US (accepted medical use)

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13
Q

Schedule III

A

Lower potential for abuse than I & II

(Combination drugs)

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14
Q

Schedule IV

A

Low potential for abuse

(Anti-Anxiety)

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15
Q

Schedule V

A

Lowest potential for abuse

(Cough/pain)

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16
Q

Drug Diversion

A

transfer of any legally prescribed controlled substance from the individual for whom it was prescribed to another person for illicit use.

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17
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

the branch of pharmacology concerned with the movement of drugs within the body.

-absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-elimination

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18
Q

Factors that impact absorption

A
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19
Q

Common routes of Med Administration & Considerations

A
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20
Q

First Pass Effect

A

the metabolism of a drug and its passage from the liver into the circulation

(oral drugs)

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21
Q

Bioavailability

A

the extent of drug absorption into systemic circulation

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22
Q

Lifespan Considerations

A

-age
-weight

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23
Q

Factors that Impact Distribution

A
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24
Q

Protein binding

A
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25
Q

Blood brain barrier

A
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26
Q

Half life

A
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27
Q

Factors that Impact Metabolism

A
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28
Q

Factors that Impact Excretion

A
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29
Q

Routes of Excretion

A
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30
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

the branch of pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and the mechanism of their action.

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31
Q

Drug/Receptor Interaction

A
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32
Q

Agonist

A
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33
Q

Antagonist

A
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34
Q

Prescription Medications

A
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35
Q

OTC Medications

A
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36
Q

Herbals/Supplements

A
37
Q

Onset

A
38
Q

Peak

A
39
Q

Duration

A
40
Q

Duration & Dosing “Steady State”

A
41
Q

Therapeutic Window

A
42
Q

Minimum Effective Conentration

A
43
Q

Toxic Concentration

A
44
Q

Peak/ trough

A
45
Q

Therapeutic Index

A
46
Q

Side effect

A
47
Q

Adverse effect

A
48
Q

Acetaylor

A
49
Q

Additive Effect

A
50
Q

Affinity

A
51
Q

Idiosyncratic

A
52
Q

Loading Dose/ Bolus

A
53
Q

Mechanism of Action

A
54
Q

Potency

A
55
Q

Selectivity

A
56
Q

Subtherapeutic

A
57
Q

Synergistic Effect

A
58
Q

Ototoxicity

A
59
Q

Photosensitivity

A
60
Q

Steven Johnson Syndrome

A
61
Q

MRSA

A
62
Q

Synergistic Drug Interactions

A
63
Q

Antagonistic Interactions

A
64
Q

Bactericidal

A
65
Q

Bacteriostatic

A
66
Q

c. diff.

A
67
Q

Superinfection

A
68
Q

Narrow-spectrum Antimicrobials

A
69
Q

Broad-spectrum Antimicrobials

A
70
Q

Resistance

A
71
Q

Sensitivity analysis

A
72
Q

Prophylactic therapy

A
73
Q

Empiric Therapy

A
74
Q

Culture

A

maintain (tissue cells, bacteria, etc.) in conditions suitable for growth.

75
Q

Polypharmacy

A

concurrent use of multiple medications
(typically 5 or more)

76
Q

What are the 7 classes of drugs?

A

1) Sulfonamides
2) Penicillin’s
3) Cephalosporins
4) Macrolides
5) Tetracyclines
6) Aminoglycosides
7) Quinolones

77
Q

Penicillin’s

A

-Penicillin V
-Penicillin G
-Amoxicillin
-Piperacillin/tazobactam

78
Q

Cephalosporins

A

(twin to penicillins)
1st gen:
-Cephalexin
-cefazolin
2nd gen:
-cefprozil
3rd:
-ceftriaxone
4th:
-cefepime
5th:
-Ceftolozane

78
Q

(Fluro)Quinolones

A

Levofloxacin

78
Q

Sulfonamides

A

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

79
Q

Macrolides

A

-Erythromycin
-Azithromycin

80
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

-Streptomycin
-Genamicin

81
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Tetracycline

82
Q

Antifungals

A

-Clotrimazole
-Fluconazole
-Terbinafine
-Nystatin
-Amphotericin B

83
Q

Antitubercular

A

-Isoniazid
-Rifampin

84
Q

Glycopeptides

A

-*Vancomycin

85
Q

Medication Reconciliation

A

continuous assessment and updating of patient medication information

86
Q

Bioequivalence

A

when 2 medications have the same bioavailability

87
Q
A

Nursing Fundamentals (12 decks)

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