Exercise 5

Question 1

All living organisms exhibit some form of _________ and __________

Answer 1

Growth and development

Question 2

Members of the animal kingdom have the

Answer 2

Most complex developmental cycles

Question 3

Formation of zygote to sexually mature adult

Answer 3

Development cycle

Question 4

5 sequential processes of animal development

Answer 4

Gametogenesis
Fertilization
Preembryonic development
Embryonic development
Post embryonic development

Question 5

Embryonic development includes the processes of

Answer 5

Growth, determination, differentiation, morphogenesis

Question 6

Produced by the process of meiosis, only one of each chromosome ends up in the cells after division

Answer 6

Gametes

Question 7

The sperm is small and almost always flagellated

Answer 7

Male gamete

Question 8

Usually large since it contains yolk and spherical

Answer 8

Female gamete

Question 9

Single sperm penetrates and fertilizes the egg to produce a zygote

Answer 9

Fertilization

Question 10

It is produced to prevent additional sperm from penetrating the egg

Answer 10

Fertilization cone

Question 11

Zygote begins to divide to produce a multicellular embryo

Answer 11

Preembryonic development

Question 12

The first identifiable period of development occurs as the fertilized egg begins to divides

Answer 12

Cleavage

Question 13

These early divisions are called

Answer 13

Cleavage divisions

Question 14

Each cell produces an identical genetic copy of the zygote and is called

Answer 14

Blastomere

Question 15

2,4,8 cell stages: each cell is called

Answer 15

Blastomere

Question 16

Continued division leads to a solid ball of cells

Answer 16

Morula

Question 17

Embryo becomes a hollow ball of cells and it is spherical

Answer 17

Blastula

Question 18

Cavity inside the blastula

Answer 18

Blastocoel

Question 19

Depression forms at one end of the embryo, cells form a saclike pouch, now two layered

Answer 19

Gastrula

Question 20

Cavity on the saclike pouch in gastrula called __________ which is surrounded by the original, now much smaller ________

Answer 20

Archenteron/gastrocoel, blastocoel

Question 21

3 embryonic tissue layer in gastrula

Answer 21

Ectoderm - skin and nervous system
Mesoderm - skeletal system, muscular and circulatory system
Endoderm - respiratory and digestive system

Question 22

After the 3 embryonic tissue layers are formed in the gastrula the immature animal is referred to as

Answer 22

Embryo

Question 23

Animal embryos may next develop into several forms such as

Answer 23

Larvae
Nymphs or fetuses

Question 24

Immature stage which move and feed independently and often have no resemblance at all to the adult

Answer 24

Larvae

Question 25

Simple multicellular, oval larva with no discernable organs, its surface is covered with cilia

Answer 25

Planula larva

Question 26

Triangular larva with 3 pairs of jointed appendages, eyespots, and digestive organs

Answer 26

Nauplius larva

Question 27

Larvae of freshwater clams that are parasitic on the gills of fish, large teeth are used to be attached to their host

Answer 27

Glochidia larva

Question 28

Immature stages of animals at least somewhat resemble the adult of the species

Answer 28

Nymphs

Question 29

Immature stage that resembles the adult, completely dependent on the mother

Answer 29

Fetus