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clin med a 2 > trigger - CKD 2 > Flashcards

trigger - CKD 2 Flashcards

1
Q

immune complex “humps” on kidney biopsy

A

postinfectious glomerulonephritis

do not confuse with membranous nephropathy which is CAUSED by immune complex deposition

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2
Q

smoky coca cola colored urine

A

glomerulonephritis (MC symptom in bergers IgA)

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3
Q

IgA deposition in vessel walls

A

henoch schonlein purpura

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4
Q

presents with arthralgias and abdominal symtpoms (nausea, colic, melena)

A

henoch schonlein purpura

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5
Q

associated with peripheral edema, dyspnea, pleural effusions and ascites

A

nephrotic syndrome

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6
Q

oval fat bodies on urine sediment

A

nephrotic syndrome with marked HLD

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7
Q

grape clusters or maltese crosses on urine sediment

A

nephrotic syndrome

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8
Q

elevated ESR

A

nephrotic syndrome
and
cholesterol atheroembolic disease

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9
Q

nephrotic syndrome with protein malnutrition and thromboembolic events

A

minimal change disease!

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10
Q

what is the only thing in this lecture that is blatently stated to be treated with corticosteroids

A

minimal change disease!

it says to use corticosteroids in nephrotic syndromes but only states steroids in the treatment for this disease! so thats what im going with.

(note: in membranous nephropathy you do use “immunosuppressive agents” but idk if thats steroids)

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11
Q

caused by immune complex deposition

A

membranous nephropathy!

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12
Q

edema and frothy urine

A

membranous nephropathy

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13
Q

enlarged kidneys are seen in what diagnosis

A

amyloidosis and ARPKD

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14
Q

caused by medications specifically analgesics (2)

A
  • acute interstitial nephritis
  • analgesic nephropathy
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15
Q

presents with HTN, pain, and hydronephrosis

A

obstructive uropathy

also presents with: bladder distension

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16
Q

may see hematuria or pyuria on UA
serum Cr elevated

A

obstructive uropathy

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17
Q

what three diagnoses present with pyuria

A
  • obstructive uropathy (sometimes)
  • analgesic nephropathy
  • nephrocalcinosis
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18
Q

what presents as frequent UTIs in children

A

vesicouretal reflux disease

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19
Q

when is voiding cystourethrogram used

A

vesicouretal reflux disease!

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20
Q

an adult US shows:
- asymmetric small kidneys
- irregular outlines
- thin cortices
- areas of compensatory hypertrophy

what disease do they likley have?

A

vesicouretal reflux disease

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21
Q

UA shows sloughed papillae

A

analgesic nephropathy

22
Q

CT shows small scarred kidneys with papillary calcifications

A

analgesic nephropathy

also see: golf ball on a tee sign and sloughed papillae

23
Q

RBC casts

A

glomerulonephritis

24
Q

when would you use plasma exchange

A

goodpastures or pauci-immune glomerulonephritis

25
Q

caused by inceased urinary excretion of Ca, phosphate and/or oxalate

A

nephrocalcinosis

26
Q

hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D therapy and loop diuretics are all a risk factor for what

A

nephrocalcinosis

27
Q

what is a risk factor for a cyst being an adenocarcinoma

A

development of the cyst after onset of dialysis

28
Q

in what diseases do we see renal salt wasting

A
  • medullary cystic kidney disease
  • autoimmune interstitial nephritis
29
Q

presents as polyuria, pallor, lethagy

A

medullary cystic kidney disease

also presents with: renal salt wasting. can cause HTN and hyperuricemia later on

30
Q

treated with vasopressin receptor antagonists, ocreotide or tolvaptan

A

ADPKD to prevent cyst growth

31
Q

pt presents with enlarged tubules with small cysts only on the collecting tubules

A

ARPKD

32
Q

pt presents with impaired urine concentration, metabolic acidosis, and HTN

A

ARPKD

33
Q

what 2 diseases present with metabolic acidosis

A

ARPKD
autoimmune interstitial nephritis

34
Q

pulmonary hypoplasia due to oligohydramnios is found in what disease

A

ARPKD

35
Q

what disease can have complications such as potal HTN and periportal fibrosis

A

ARPKD

36
Q

caused by atherosclerosis

A

renal artery stenosis

37
Q

unexplained HTN in women under 40 is suggestive of what disease?

A

renal artery stenosis due to suspected fibromuscular dysplasia

38
Q

presents with pulmonary edema and abdominal bruits!

A

renal artery stenosis

39
Q

US revealing small hyperechoic kidneys

A

bilateral RAS

40
Q

US revealing large hyperechoic kidneys

A

ARPKD

41
Q

renal angiography is gold standard for diagnosis of what

A

RAS

42
Q

risk factors include african american race (5x more common)

A

nephrosclerosis

43
Q

caused by cholesterol crystals breaking free of vascular plaque and traveling and lodging in downstream microvessels

A

cholesterol atheroembolic disease

44
Q

assocaited with heparin and thrombolytic use

A

cholesterol atheroembolic disease

45
Q

associated with vascular surgery and trauma

A

cholesterol atheroembolic disease

46
Q

risk factors include ischemic cardiac disease

A

cholesterol atheroembolic disease

47
Q

associated with livedo reticularis and localized gangrene

A

cholesterol atheroembolic disease

48
Q

symptoms include fever, abdominal pain and worsening HTN/renal function

A

cholesterol atheroembolic disease

49
Q

labs show low complement, elevated ESR, and eosinophilia

A

cholesterol atheroembolic disease

50
Q

what would suggest RCC in PDPKD

A

recurrent hematuria

51
Q

complications include aneurysms and valve diseases

A

ADPKD

52
Q

what presents with fever, flank pain and increased WBC

A

infected cysts in ADPKD

clin med a 2 (30 decks)

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