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MAR 270 > Salinity > Flashcards

Salinity Flashcards

1
Q

What is Salinity?

A

a measure of the quality of dissolved salts in seawater

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2
Q

What is PPT?

A

unit used by scientists to describe the salinity of the ocean

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3
Q

What is the average ocean salinity of the ocean

A

35 0/00

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4
Q

What are conservative constituents?

A

more than 1 ppt

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5
Q

What are non- conservative constituents?

A

concentrations less than 1 ppt (trace elements)

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6
Q

What are sources of salt?

A

river runoff

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7
Q

What is the regulation of salts?

A

the rate of addition of salts must be balamced by the removal of salts?

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8
Q

What are the sources of regulation?

A

sea spray,
evaporation,
chemical reactions
biologiucal processes
absorbtion

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9
Q

What is residence time?

A

mean length of time that a substance remains in solution in the ocean

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10
Q

What is the equation of residence time?

A

total amount of iron in the ocean / rate of supply or removal

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11
Q

When is residence time shorter than in oceans?

A

in rivers

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12
Q

What is the principle of constant propositions?

A

ratios between the major constituent ions in seawater frmain constant regardless of total salinity

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13
Q

What is density?

A

mass per unit volume of a substance

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14
Q

What is density impacted by?

A

Pressure
temperature
salinity

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15
Q

What is the effect of pressure on density?

A

pressure increases 14.7 lbs inch-2 for every 33ft increase in depth (10m)

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16
Q

What is the effect of temperature on density?

A

water density is senstive to temperature changes

17
Q

What is the effect of salt and density?

A

density increases with dissolved salts

18
Q

What is the average density of seawater?

A

1.0278 g/cm3 at 4c

19
Q

What is water water stratification?

A

layering of water that occurs due to changes in the chemical and physical conditions of water

20
Q

What is the thermocline?

A

temperature gradient changes rapidly with depth

21
Q

What is the halocine

A

salinity gradient changes with depth

22
Q

When does the halocline stay stable?

A

below 2 km

23
Q

What is the pyrocline

What is the pyrocline

A

density gradient influenced by salinity temperature and pressure changes in depth

24
Q

What

What is stratification?

A

waters of different densities will create oceanic layers

MAR 270 (16 decks)

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