14 - 1 (new) Flashcards
(30 cards)
Beer Alcohol Content
4-6%
Wine Alcohol Content
7-12%
Hard Liquor Alcohol Content
30-50%
Beer - Standard Drink Size
340 mL
Wine - Standard Drink Size
140 mL
Hard Liquor - Standard Drink Size
40 mL
Blood alcohol concentration
is the ratio of alcohol in the blood by body weight
BAC (Blood alcohol concentration) is impacted by:
- Body Weight
- Percent body fat
- Biological sex
Body weigh (BAC):
a smaller person develops a higher BAC than a larger person after drinking the same amount of
alcohol.
A smaller person has
BAC
less overall body tissue into which alcohol can be distributed.
Percentage of body fat (BAC):
A person with a higher percentage of body fat will develop a higher BAC than a more muscular person of the same weight when they drink the same amount.
Biological sex (BAC):
female are more susceptible to high BACs.
Females metabolize
less alcohol in the stomach than males do
BAC: 0.01–0.05%
Relaxation; mild euphoria; reduced
inhibition; decreased alertness;
impaired motor coordination and
judgment.
Approximate time to metabolize:
2–3 hours
BAC: 0.05–0.10%
Emotional instability; exaggerated feelings and behaviours;
impaired reasoning, judgment, and visual tracking; slowed information processing, reflexes, and reaction time; sleepiness; nausea.
Legally intoxicated at 0.08% in all 50 states.
Approximate time to metabolize: 3–6 hours
BAC: 0.10–0.15%
Mood swings; aggression; staggering gait; impaired balance; slurred speech.
Approximate time to metabolize: 7–10 hours
BAC: 0.15–0.30%
Reduced sensation; depression; confusion; lethargy; increased pain threshold; severe motor impairment;
memory blackout.
Approximate time to metabolize: 10–20 hours
BAC: 0.30%+
Stupor; unconsciousness; slowed heart rate and respiration; loss of temperature regulation; loss of bladder control; death possible above 0.35% BAC.
Can occur with rapid or binge drinking with few of the earlier effects.
Approximate time to metabolize: 20+ hours
BAC: 0.40%+
Respiratory arrest; death.
Absorption
The rate at which your body absorbs alcohol determines how quickly you feel drunk and how fast your behaviour is impaired
Absorption depends on:
- How fast you drink
- How fast the stomach empties
- What food and drugs are in your system
- Gender and ethnicity
All alcohol is eventually absorbed
How does alcohol get into the bloodstream?
- Small amount is absorbed by the oral mucosa
- 20% is absorbed in the stomach
- 75% is absorbed through the upper part of the small intestine
Produces feelings of intoxication
Most alcohol is metabolized
in the liver
Enzymes convert alcohol to
acetaldehyde then to acetate
Variance in enzymes in individuals
may cause different reactions to alcohol consumption
