1.4 Density Flashcards
(9 cards)
What is density?
Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.
It is calculated as:
Density = Mass / Volume
What is the unit of density?
The unit of density is typically kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).
For example, the density of water is 1000 kg/m³ or 1 g/cm³.
How do you determine the density of regular solids?
To determine the density of regular solids (e.g., cubes, rectangular prisms):
Measure the length, width, and height of the object.
Multiply the dimensions to calculate the volume:
Volume = Length × Width × Height
Place the object on a balance to measure its mass.
Use the formula:
Density (ρ) = Mass (m) / Volume (V)
How do you determine the density of irregular solids?
To determine the density of irregular solids:
Submerge the object in a measuring cup or graduated cylinder filled with water.
The increase in water volume is the volume of the object.
Place the object on a balance to measure its mass.
Use the formula:
Density (ρ) = Mass (m) / Volume (V)
Which objects float?
An object will float in a liquid if its density is lower than that of the liquid.
If the object’s density is greater than the liquid’s, it will sink.
For example, an object with a density lower than water (1 g/cm³) will float on water.
If two liquids don’t mix, does one float?
Yes, if two liquids don’t mix (immiscible liquids), the less dense liquid will float on top of the denser liquid.
How do forces affect the size and shape of an object?
Forces can produce changes in the size and shape of an object by either stretching, compressing, or bending it.
What is the spring constant?
The spring constant (k) is the force per unit extension of a spring.
It is calculated using the formula:
k = F / x
Where:
F = Force applied
x = Extension (how much the spring stretches)
A larger spring constant means a stiffer spring.
What is the limit of proportionality?
The limit of proportionality is the point beyond which the extension of an elastic object is no longer directly proportional to the force applied.
Before this point, the object follows Hooke’s Law (force is proportional to extension), but after this point, the material may undergo permanent deformation.
