14 FINAL Unit 1-2

Question 1

What is the definition of energy?

Answer 1

A property or quality of a thing that gives it the ability to move or do work

Question 2

Definition of photosynthesis and cellular resparation?

Answer 2

The process by which chloroplasts convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose

The process that converts glucose into useable energy inside a cell

Question 3

How are food chains connected to a pyramid of energy?

Answer 3

Shows the total amount of chemical energy flowing through each feeding level in a food chain

Question 4

What % of energy is transferred in the pyramid

Answer 4

10%

Question 5

What are food chains vs. food webs?

Answer 5

Chain: shows how energy and matter go from one to another organism inside an eco system

Web: a more complex model for showing energy

Question 6

What are factors that affect the size of a population and it’s carrying capacity

Answer 6

• Death rate
• Birth rate
• Immigrate
• Emigrate

Question 7

What is a carrying capacity?

Answer 7

The maximum number of individuals a place can support

Question 8

Difference of biotic and abiotic factors on population sizes

Answer 8

Biotic: A living thing

Abiotic: A Non-living thing

Question 9

What is the definition of an ecosystem?

Answer 9

A community of living things and the non-living environment in which they live

Question 10

Definition of an exotic/ invasive species and its effects on ecosystems

Answer 10

Any species introduced into an ecosystem where it does not occur naturally
- kill other animals
- cause chaos

Question 11

What are the 3 requirements for an eco system?

Answer 11

• living things interact with another
• living things interact with other species
• living things interact with abiotic factors

Question 12

What is the definition of climate?

Answer 12

Average weather conditions (long term)

Question 13

What do humans use to create lots of usable energy for use in power companies, factories, homes, etc.?

Answer 13

Greenhouse gasses

Question 14

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 14

Earth’s atmosphere contains a blanket of gasses to keep earth warm. This is the greenhouse effect

Question 15

What is kinetic energy, and how is it related to the movement of particles?

Answer 15

Energy due to how much motion or movement something like particles have. Particles that are hot move fast and cold particles move slow

Question 16

What is the relationship between the speed of particles in a substance and its temperature?

Answer 16

Cold particles move very slowly

Hot particles move very fast

Question 17

What is conduction? Convection? And radiation?

Answer 17

• transfer of heat direct contact
  -transfer of heat through gas or liquid particle movement
• transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves like a fire

Question 18

What are some examples of conduction, convection and radiation?

Answer 18

Conduction: cast iron pan
Convection: wind
Radiation: fire

Question 19

What is a specific heat capacity AKA SHC

Answer 19

Measures a substances ability to absorb heat

Question 20

If something has a high or low SHC what happens?

Answer 20

High: It takes longer to heat up

Low: It takes faster to heat up

Question 21

What is insulation? What is the importance of an R-value

Answer 21

Any material that slows heat transfer
Describes how well something slows heat transfer, Higher R-Value is better

Question 22

What is the definition of work?

Answer 22

Using energy to apply a force that will move an object

Question 23

What is force? How is it related to work?

Answer 23

Any push or pull. force is the ability to move objects by pushing

Question 24

How do you calculate work?

Answer 24

Work = Force × Distance

W= F × d

Question 25

What are the three things required for work to occur?

Answer 25

Force must be applied Must travel a distance Force and distance have to be in the same direction

Question 26

What are levers? What are 3 different parts?

Answer 26

Bars that pivot on a fulcrum - Fulcrum - Load - Effort

Question 27

What are the different classes of levers?

Answer 27

First class lever Second class lever Third class lever

Question 28

What makes 3 levers different?

Answer 28

First: fulcrum middle between load and effort Second: load in middle between fulcrum and effort Third: effort in middle between fulcrum and load

Question 29

What is a pulley? What are the different parts?

Answer 29

A grooved wheel with a rope wrapped around it. - Load - Effort

Question 30

What are the two different pulleys?

Answer 30

Fixed Moveable

Question 31

What are the different parts of the organization of life?

Answer 31

- Atoms - Molecules - Organelles - cells - tissues - Organs - organ system - organism

Question 32

What are the different organelles of a cell?

Answer 32

Nucleus- the brain Cytoplasm- holds all in place Mitochondria- cell respiration Vacuole- stores water food, waste ER- transports materials from cell Golgi- transports protein in small sacs called vesicles

Question 33

What organelles are specific to plant cells?

Answer 33

- Chloroplasts - Cell wall

Question 34

What are life functions?

Answer 34

All activities carried out by cells and organ systems.

Question 35

What are the 7 life functions?

Answer 35

- Transportation - Nutrition - Growth & Repair - Reproduction - Regulation - Metabolism - Synthesis

Question 36

What are the different parts of the circulatory system?

Answer 36

- Heart - Arteries - Veins - Capillaries

Question 37

What is carried by blood?

Answer 37

- Oxygen - Carbon Dioxide - Nutrients - waste products

Question 38

What are the nutrients we need in our diet

Answer 38

- Carbohydrates: energy - Proteins: supply energy when fats and carbs are N/A - Fats: Supply energy when carbs are N/A

Question 39

What are the different parts of the digestive system?

Answer 39

- Mouth - Esophagus - Stomach - Small Intestine - Large Intestine - Anus

Question 40

What is homeostasis?

Answer 40

The body's tendency or ability to maintain an internal equilibrium - Regulates body

Question 41

What are some examples of homeostasis?

Answer 41

- Breathing faster - kidneys getting rid of waste - heart beating faster - Insulin

Question 42

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 42

- Solid: Tightly packed particles - Liquid: Farther apart particles - Gas: loosely packed particles

Question 43

What are elements?

Answer 43

Building blocks of all matter

Question 44

What are the rows and columns on the periodic table?

Answer 44

Rows: Periods Colums: Groups

Question 45

What is the staircase used for in the periodic table?

Answer 45

To separate metals, non- metals and metaloids

Question 46

What is a chemical formula? What are the parts?

Answer 46

What scientists use to represent compounds - Letters - Subscript numbers - Subscript letters

Question 47

What is the difference between mechanical mixtures and solutions

Answer 47

Mixtures: more then one particle Solutions: looks like one particle

Question 48

What is a solute, Vs. Solvent?

Answer 48

Solute: Being dissolved Solvent: doing the dissolving

Question 49

What is a concentration of a solution?

Answer 49

The amount of solute in a solution

Question 50

What are 3 ways we can increase solubility?

Answer 50

- Stir - Heat up - emulsifying agent