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Business Theme 1 > 1.4 - Managing People > Flashcards

1.4 - Managing People Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

What is human resource management

A

A strategic approach to managing employees which aims to maximise people’s capabilities to achieve a sustained competitive advantage

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2
Q

What is workforce planning

A

The process of identifying in advance a firms human resource requirements to enable it to carry out planned activities and fulfil its objectives.

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3
Q

Internal recruitment

A

Jobs given to staff who are already employed by the business

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4
Q

External recruitment

A

Brings someone new from outside the organisation

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5
Q

4 methods of recruitment

A

Media advertising, job centres, recruitment agencies, firms website.

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6
Q

What is induction training

A

Aims to make newly appointed workers fully productive as soon as possible familiarising then sign key aspects of the business.

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7
Q

On the job training

A

Where the employee receives training whilst remaining in the workplace

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8
Q

Off the job training

A

Where the employees training takes place away from the workplace.

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9
Q

Staff as a cost

A

Treat employees simply as a resource of the business

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10
Q

Staff as assets

A

Treat employees as the most important resource in a business and a source of competitive advantage.

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11
Q

What is flexible working

A

Working arrangements where there is a variety of options offered to employees in terms of working time, location and the pattern of working.

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12
Q

Pros of flexible working

A

Saving on costs, able to deliver services on a 24/7 basis, motivates employees

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13
Q

Cons of flexible working

A

Difficult to manage, potential loss of customers, lower employee productivity

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14
Q

Multiskilling is

A

Where staff are allowed to carry out a variety of tasks rather than specialised

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15
Q

Outsourcing

A

When a firm finds an external business to carry out part of the production process

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16
Q

Why do business outsource

A

Reduce costs

Achieve a better level of service

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17
Q

Dismissal

A

Employee dismissed because of break of contract or other unacceptable behaviour or performance

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18
Q

Redundancy

A

Employee loses job because the job is no longer required by the business, they will receive a pay off based on how long they have been at the business

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19
Q

What is the Trade Union

A

An organisation that employees pay to join in order to gain greater power and security at work, it protects and improves the real incomes of their members (represent and negotiate )

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20
Q

Industrial action

A

The actions taken by employees of a company as a protest

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21
Q

What is conciliation

A

Used when an employee is making or could make a specific complaint against their employer

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22
Q

What is mediation

A

Involves an independent person helping two or more individuals or groups reach a solution that’s acceptable to everyone

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23
Q

What is Arbitration

A

Involves an impartial outsider being asked to make a decision on a dispute

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24
Q

What is organisational structure

A

Shows how people and management are organised in a business

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25
Level of hierarchy
Number of layers of management in an organisational structure
26
Span of control
The number of employees for whom is responsible for
27
Narrow span of control allows
Closer supervision, more effective communication, less pressure on managers.
28
Wide Span of control
More independence, less supervision, stressful for managers, cheaper
29
Chain of command
Describes the lines of authority within a business
30
Tall structures consist of:
Many layers of hierarchy, narrow span of control.
31
Tall structures mean
More promotional opportunities, communication takes longer
32
Flat structures consist of
Few layers of hierarchy, wide span of control
33
Flat structure means
Fewer promotional opportunities, greater responsibilities to staff, vertical communication better
34
What is a matrix structure
Where individuals work across teams and projects as well as within their own department
35
Delayering
Removing layers of management from the hierarchy of the organisation
36
Centralisation
Where main decisions are taking by those at the top of the hierarchy
37
Decentralisation
When workers lower down the organisation structure are given the authority to make decisions
38
What is motivation
The willingness to do something
39
Who is FW Taylor (4)
- people only worked for money - breaking the tasks down into smaller parts which can be done more quickly and efficiently - dividing the workforce so individuals specialise in one part of the task - paying workers according to how much the produce (piece rate)
40
Who is Maslow
developed hierarchy of needs
41
What are the 5 hierarchy of needs
- phycological needs - safety needs - social needs - self esteem needs - self actualisation needs
42
Phycological needs
The need to provide for the basics of life
43
Safety needs
Workers need to feel safe and protected
44
Social needs
Humans need to feel wanted
45
Self esteem needs
Workers have need for self respect and to be respected by others
46
Self actualisation needs
Some workers have a need to develop their full potential
47
Who is herzberg (3)
- suggested 2 way approach to understanding employee motivation and satisfaction - Hygiene factors - things that can demotivate employees if they are not present but do not motivate them if they are present - motivation factors - are based on individuals need for personal growth, they directly motivate people to work harder
48
Who is Mayo (2)
- proved that there was more to motivation than purely economic motives. - he thought motivation could be increased by: better communication, greater management involvement, working in groups
49
Demotivated workforce means (5)
``` Low productivity Poor service quality Increased waste More accidents Breakdown in communication and relationships ```
50
Motivated workforce means (3)
Better productivity Better quality Lower training and recruitment costs
51
What is leadership
The practice of motivating, influencing and inspiring others towards a common goal.
52
What is leadership style
The way that the functions of leadership are carried out, the way that a leader behaves.
53
Autocratic
Leader makes all the decisions, little or no involvement in decision making from the rest of the group. Clear decision between the leader and followers
54
Paternalistic
Leader makes decisions based on what they believe is best for the employees, may consult with staff but leader makes final decision. Fatherly style of leadership
55
Democratic
Leader discusses issues with employees/group members and involves them in decision making. Communication is two way and lots of delegation and consulting takes place.
56
Laissez faire
Leader has little input into day to day decision making, managers/employees have the freedom to do what they think is best.
57
What is management
Getting things done through others, bringing together resources so that its objectives are achieved efficiently.
58
Leadership and management fraise
Management is doing things right, leadership is doing the right thing
59
What is Mcgregors theory
Theory X managers - average worker is lazy and dislikes work , they need to be controlled and directed Theory Y managers - most people enjoy work, workers will take responsibility and organise themselves.
60
Financial motivators (9)
``` Wage Salary Piece rate Commission Bonus Overtime Profit sharing Performance related pay Fringe benefits ( company car, free meals) ```
61
Non financial motivators (8)
Job enrichment (interesting and more challenging tasks Empowerment (authority to manage tasks) Job rotation Delegation Job enlargement (more tasks of same skill level) Consultation (discussion before decisions are taken ) Team work Flexible hours
62
ACAS
the advisory, conciliation and arbitration

Business Theme 1 (5 decks)

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