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Business Theme 1 > 1.4 - Managing People > Flashcards

1.4 - Managing People Flashcards

1
Q

What is human resource management

A

A strategic approach to managing employees which aims to maximise people’s capabilities to achieve a sustained competitive advantage

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2
Q

What is workforce planning

A

The process of identifying in advance a firms human resource requirements to enable it to carry out planned activities and fulfil its objectives.

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3
Q

Internal recruitment

A

Jobs given to staff who are already employed by the business

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4
Q

External recruitment

A

Brings someone new from outside the organisation

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5
Q

4 methods of recruitment

A

Media advertising, job centres, recruitment agencies, firms website.

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6
Q

What is induction training

A

Aims to make newly appointed workers fully productive as soon as possible familiarising then sign key aspects of the business.

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7
Q

On the job training

A

Where the employee receives training whilst remaining in the workplace

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8
Q

Off the job training

A

Where the employees training takes place away from the workplace.

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9
Q

Staff as a cost

A

Treat employees simply as a resource of the business

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10
Q

Staff as assets

A

Treat employees as the most important resource in a business and a source of competitive advantage.

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11
Q

What is flexible working

A

Working arrangements where there is a variety of options offered to employees in terms of working time, location and the pattern of working.

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12
Q

Pros of flexible working

A

Saving on costs, able to deliver services on a 24/7 basis, motivates employees

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13
Q

Cons of flexible working

A

Difficult to manage, potential loss of customers, lower employee productivity

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14
Q

Multiskilling is

A

Where staff are allowed to carry out a variety of tasks rather than specialised

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15
Q

Outsourcing

A

When a firm finds an external business to carry out part of the production process

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16
Q

Why do business outsource

A

Reduce costs

Achieve a better level of service

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17
Q

Dismissal

A

Employee dismissed because of break of contract or other unacceptable behaviour or performance

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18
Q

Redundancy

A

Employee loses job because the job is no longer required by the business, they will receive a pay off based on how long they have been at the business

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19
Q

What is the Trade Union

A

An organisation that employees pay to join in order to gain greater power and security at work, it protects and improves the real incomes of their members (represent and negotiate )

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20
Q

Industrial action

A

The actions taken by employees of a company as a protest

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21
Q

What is conciliation

A

Used when an employee is making or could make a specific complaint against their employer

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22
Q

What is mediation

A

Involves an independent person helping two or more individuals or groups reach a solution that’s acceptable to everyone

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23
Q

What is Arbitration

A

Involves an impartial outsider being asked to make a decision on a dispute

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24
Q

What is organisational structure

A

Shows how people and management are organised in a business

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25
Q

Level of hierarchy

A

Number of layers of management in an organisational structure

26
Q

Span of control

A

The number of employees for whom is responsible for

27
Q

Narrow span of control allows

A

Closer supervision, more effective communication, less pressure on managers.

28
Q

Wide Span of control

A

More independence, less supervision, stressful for managers, cheaper

29
Q

Chain of command

A

Describes the lines of authority within a business

30
Q

Tall structures consist of:

A

Many layers of hierarchy, narrow span of control.

31
Q

Tall structures mean

A

More promotional opportunities, communication takes longer

32
Q

Flat structures consist of

A

Few layers of hierarchy, wide span of control

33
Q

Flat structure means

A

Fewer promotional opportunities, greater responsibilities to staff, vertical communication better

34
Q

What is a matrix structure

A

Where individuals work across teams and projects as well as within their own department

35
Q

Delayering

A

Removing layers of management from the hierarchy of the organisation

36
Q

Centralisation

A

Where main decisions are taking by those at the top of the hierarchy

37
Q

Decentralisation

A

When workers lower down the organisation structure are given the authority to make decisions

38
Q

What is motivation

A

The willingness to do something

39
Q

Who is FW Taylor (4)

A
  • people only worked for money
  • breaking the tasks down into smaller parts which can be done more quickly and efficiently
  • dividing the workforce so individuals specialise in one part of the task
  • paying workers according to how much the produce (piece rate)
40
Q

Who is Maslow

A

developed hierarchy of needs

41
Q

What are the 5 hierarchy of needs

A
  • phycological needs
  • safety needs
  • social needs
  • self esteem needs
  • self actualisation needs
42
Q

Phycological needs

A

The need to provide for the basics of life

43
Q

Safety needs

A

Workers need to feel safe and protected

44
Q

Social needs

A

Humans need to feel wanted

45
Q

Self esteem needs

A

Workers have need for self respect and to be respected by others

46
Q

Self actualisation needs

A

Some workers have a need to develop their full potential

47
Q

Who is herzberg (3)

A
  • suggested 2 way approach to understanding employee motivation and satisfaction
  • Hygiene factors - things that can demotivate employees if they are not present but do not motivate them if they are present
  • motivation factors - are based on individuals need for personal growth, they directly motivate people to work harder
48
Q

Who is Mayo (2)

A
  • proved that there was more to motivation than purely economic motives.
  • he thought motivation could be increased by: better communication, greater management involvement, working in groups
49
Q

Demotivated workforce means (5)

A 
Low productivity 
Poor service quality 
Increased waste
More accidents 
Breakdown in communication and relationships
50
Q

Motivated workforce means (3)

A

Better productivity
Better quality
Lower training and recruitment costs

51
Q

What is leadership

A

The practice of motivating, influencing and inspiring others towards a common goal.

52
Q

What is leadership style

A

The way that the functions of leadership are carried out, the way that a leader behaves.

53
Q

Autocratic

A

Leader makes all the decisions, little or no involvement in decision making from the rest of the group. Clear decision between the leader and followers

54
Q

Paternalistic

A

Leader makes decisions based on what they believe is best for the employees, may consult with staff but leader makes final decision. Fatherly style of leadership

55
Q

Democratic

A

Leader discusses issues with employees/group members and involves them in decision making. Communication is two way and lots of delegation and consulting takes place.

56
Q

Laissez faire

A

Leader has little input into day to day decision making, managers/employees have the freedom to do what they think is best.

57
Q

What is management

A

Getting things done through others, bringing together resources so that its objectives are achieved efficiently.

58
Q

Leadership and management fraise

A

Management is doing things right, leadership is doing the right thing

59
Q

What is Mcgregors theory

A

Theory X managers - average worker is lazy and dislikes work , they need to be controlled and directed

Theory Y managers - most people enjoy work, workers will take responsibility and organise themselves.

60
Q

Financial motivators (9)

A 
Wage
Salary
Piece rate
Commission 
Bonus
Overtime
Profit sharing
Performance related pay 
Fringe benefits ( company car, free meals)
61
Q

Non financial motivators (8)

A

Job enrichment (interesting and more challenging tasks Empowerment (authority to manage tasks)
Job rotation
Delegation
Job enlargement (more tasks of same skill level)
Consultation (discussion before decisions are taken )
Team work
Flexible hours

62
Q

ACAS

A

the advisory, conciliation and arbitration

Business Theme 1 (5 decks)

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