14 (NL & Globalisation) Historiography

Question 1

What cycle does Argentina demonstrate between 1952 and 1976, according to Adam Przeworski? [5]

Answer 1

1. democratisation from urban-urban alliances
2. bourgeois-bourgeois realignment
3. authoritarianism
4. shrinking of local markets
5. urban-urban alliance

Question 2

What do Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way tell us about the process of democratisation in Nicaragua? [2]

Answer 2

1. High linkage between the previous Somoza dictatorship and the US translated into pressure on the Sandinistas to comply with US democratic pressure
2. US main trading partner, providing them high leverage too

Question 3

How does Adam Przeworski demonstrate the impact of neoliberalism in Latin America? [4]

Answer 3

1. interdependent reforms: neoliberalism was implemented as key policies within transitions towards democracy
2. NL threatened ‘institutional uncertainty’ by dominating democracies
3. Use of game theory to highlight international organisational influences
4. NL deepening inequality, affecting democratic trust (NAFTA in Mexico)

Question 4

Alyshia Galvez

Answer 4

Eating NAFTA
focuses on the transformation of food systems with globalisation and NAFTA in 1994
suggests that multinational corporations in Mexico undermined small farmers and caused public health problems from a new reliance on processed foods

Question 5

Juan Pablo Rodriguez

Answer 5

Article covering the politics of neoliberal Latin America
discusses the replacement of ISI with neoliberal policies, first by the ISI- created bureaucratic-authoritarian regimes and then democratising ones

Question 6

Steve Stern

Answer 6

Reckoning with Pinochet
grapples with the memory question - how does a nation reeling from authoritarianism move forwards, when Pinochet still held hard power in the 90s?