Topic 2: Structures and Functions in Living Organisms - Biological Molecules

Question 1

Active site

Answer 1

Part of the enzyme that is complementary to the shape of the substrate. The shape of the active site may change if the enzyme is exposed to high temperatures or extremes of pH.

Question 2

Amino acids

Answer 2

Small molecules from which proteins are assembled

Question 3

Enzymes

Answer 3

Biological catalysts that increase the rate of reactions in living organisms

Question 4

Glycogen

Answer 4

A large carbohydrate made from many glucose molecules joined together. It serves as an energy store in animals.

Question 5

Lipids

Answer 5

A group of large molecules that are made from long fatty acid chains and glycerol.
Lipids include fats and oils.

Question 6

Proteins

Answer 6

Large molecules made up of amino acids

Question 7

Starch

Answer 7

A large carbohydrate molecule made up of many glucose molecules. It contains the elements carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. It is an energy storage molecule in plants.