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Grade 12- Lessons > UCSP > Flashcards

UCSP Flashcards

1
Q

CONSIDERED TO BE THE GRANDFATHER OF ALL SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES?

A

ANTHROPOLOGY

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2
Q
  • An intensive study of humans and the culture where they were born and actively belong to.
    ANTROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, OR POLITICAL SCIENCE?
A

ANTROPOLOGY

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3
Q

ETYMOLOGY OF ANTROPOLOGY

A

ANTHROPOS- HUMAN
LOGOS- STUDY OF

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4
Q

HISTORY OF ANTHROPOLOGY.
E AND A

A

EARLY EUROPEAN EXPLORERS
AGE OF EXPLORATION

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5
Q

HISTORY OF ANTHROPOLOGY -

Initial impressions about native people

A

EARLY EUROPEAN EXPLORERS

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6
Q

HISTORY OF ANTHROPOLOGY- Focus on new settlements and ethnic minorities including Native American Indian tribes.

A

AGE OF EXPLORATION

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7
Q

PROMINENT SCHOLARS OF ANTHROPOLOGY.
F A R M B

A

FRANZ BOAS
ALRED KROEBER
RUTH BENEDICT
MARGARET MEAD
BRONISLAW MALINOWSKI

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8
Q

Father of American Anthropology
- College degree in Physics
- First to apply the scientific method to Anthropology
Research)
WHO IS THIS PROMINENT SCHOLAR IN ANTHROPOLOGY?

A

FRANZ BOAS

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9
Q

Along with William Henry Morgan, are two early American Anthropologists -
Championed Indigenous Rights

WHO IS THIS PROMINENT SCHOLAR IN ANTHROPOLOGY?

A

ALFRED KROEBER

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10
Q

WHO IS ALONGSIDE ALFRED KROEBER IN BEING THE EARLIEST AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST.

A

WILLIAM HENRY MORGAN

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11
Q

Student of Franz Boas
- Specializes in Anthropology and Folklore
- Authored Patterns of Culture

WHO IS THIS PROMINENT SCHOLAR IN ANTHROPOLOGY?

A

RUTH BENEDICT

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12
Q

Deemed controversial because of her study on sexual
practices among nauve populations

WHO IS THIS PROMINENT SCHOLAR IN ANTHROPOLOGY?

A

MARGARET MEAD

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13
Q

Father of Social Anthropology

WHO IS THIS PROMINENT SCHOLAR IN ANTHROPOLOGY?

A

BRONISLAW MALONOWSKI

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14
Q

Founding father of the Ethnographic Approach.

WHO IS THIS PROMINENT SCHOLAR IN ANTHROPOLOGY?

A

BRONISLAW MALINOWSKI

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15
Q

When we make decisions, it is within the context of our family, peers, school, nation, and other groups forming our social world.

Anthropology, Sociology, OR Political Science?

A

Sociology

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16
Q

The study of society, social institutions, and social relationships. Anthropology, Sociology, or Political Science?

A

Sociology

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17
Q

Etymology of sociology

A

Socius- companion
Logos- study of

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18
Q

Prominent scholars of sociological perspective
W P W.I

A

Wright mills
Peter berger
W.I. Thomas

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19
Q

Prminent people- sociology as science
A K H E M

A

Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
Herbert spencer
Emile durkheim
Max weber

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20
Q

The Sociological Imagination
Which prominent scholar in sociological perspective?

A

Wright mills

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21
Q

“The vivid awareness of the relationship between private experience and the wider society.”
This is from?

A

Wright mills- sociological imagination

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22
Q

The perspective of sociology enables us to see
“general patterns in particular events.”
Stated by?

A

Peter berger

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23
Q

Wrote “A Rumor of Angels: Modern Society and the Rediscovery of the Supernatural”
Which prominent scholar in sociological perspective?

A

Peter berger

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24
Q

What did W.I. THOMAS contribute tp sociological perspective?

A

The Thomas Theorem

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25
Q
  • “If men defined situations as real, then they are real in their consequences.”
    Who stated this?
A

W.I. Thomas

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26
Q

He coined the term sociology?

A

Auguste comte

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27
Q

To understand society, it should be analyzed
as it really was not in is idea state. Which prominent scholar in sociology as science stated this?

A

Auguste comte

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28
Q

Who invented positivism?

A

Auguste comte

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29
Q

This is the use of scientific evidence.

A

Positivism

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30
Q

He invented the conflict theory. Which prominent scholar of sociology as science?

A

Karl Marx

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31
Q

Who prominen scholar in sociology as science invented the communist manifesto?

A

KARL MARX

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32
Q

Political revolution was vital in the evolutionary process of society, the only means to achieve improvement of social conditions.
Which prominent scholar in sociology as science?

A

Karl marx

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33
Q

Birth of Sociology in his native England
- Social Darwinism
- “Survival of the Fittest”
Which prominent scholar in sociology as science?

A

Herbert spencer

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34
Q

First French Sociologist
- Individuals are more the products than creators of society.
Which prominent figure in the sociology as science category?

A

Emile Durkheim

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35
Q

Authored- “suicide”

Which prominent figure in the sociology as science category

A

Emile Durkheim

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36
Q

Interpretive sociology.

Which prominent figure in the sociology as science category?

A

Max weber

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37
Q

Qualitative methods, as well as quantitative methods, should be used in the study of social actions.

Which prominent figure in the sociology as science category?

A

Max weber

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38
Q

What is the first phase of sociology in the philippines.

A

Sociology was lookes upon as Social Philosophy

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39
Q

The second phase of sociology-?

A

Sociology was viewed as a problem or welfare-oriented discipline

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40
Q

What is the focus of second phase on sociology?

A

•Focus on analysis of crime, poverty,
unemployment

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41
Q

True or false, The second Phase of sociology in the Philippines had an abudant and extensive research.

A

False- Includes minimal research

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42
Q

This phase of sociology in the Philippines, sociology started to take the scientific orientation.

A

Third Phase

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43
Q

In the third phase of sociology in the Philippines, the number of academic pursuing social science research decreased. True or false?

A

False- during the third phase there is an increase in the number of academics
pursuing social science research

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44
Q

associated with how power is gained and employed to develop authority and influence in social affairs.

Anthropology, Sociology, or Political Science

A

Political science

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45
Q

Politics is allied with the government which is considered the ultimate authority. - To understand politics, we must recognize
P O AND J

A

POWER, ORDER AND JUSTICE

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46
Q

This is the ability to influence other.

A

POWER

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47
Q

This is attained through obedience to rules set by leaders.

A

Order

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48
Q

This is felt within a society when there is order.

A

Justice

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49
Q

Politics is played witn a style, depending on tne character and behavior of the leader. This is politics a/ as?

A

Politics as an art

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50
Q

Policymaking and government decisions should be done through research, investigation, analysis, validation, planning, execution, and evaluation. This is politics as a/an?

A

Science

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51
Q

School of thought
- A philosophical or theoretical framework of any kind

A

Paradigm

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52
Q
  • A tentative assumption made to draw out and test its logical or empirical consequences - An educated guess based on observations or evidence
A

Hypothesis

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53
Q

Hypothesis vs theory

A
  • A hypothesis is an assumption that can be tested
  • A theory is a principle formulated to explain a phenomenon and is backed up by data
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54
Q

Levels of Analysis
M&M

A

Marco View
Micro View

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55
Q

A hypothesis is an assumption that can be tested
- A theory is a principle formulated to explain a phenomenon and is backed up by data - Examples:
Society, Law, Technology, Language, Culture, Norms, Values
What level of analysis?

A

Macro View

56
Q

———-in sociology looks at small-scale interactions
between individuals, sucn as conversation or group dynamics
- It involves the study of people in face-to-face
interaccons
- Examples: Patterns of behavior, Interactions, Perceptions, Beliefs. What level of analysis?

A

Micro View

57
Q

Three major theories of Sociology.
F M L

A

FUNCTIONALISM
MANIFEST FUNCTION
LATENT FUNCTION

58
Q

THIS IS WHAT HOLDS SOCIETY TOGETHER, WHAT MAJOR THEORY OF SOCIOLOGY?

A

FUNCTIONALISM

59
Q

Society is a complex system whose parts function and work in harmony bringing stability in the process. WHAT MAJOR THEORY OF SOCIOLOGY?

A

FUNCTIONALISM

60
Q

All actions and social structures serve a purpose even if the purpose is not apparent. WHAT MAJOR THEORY OF SOCIOLOGY?

A

FUNCTIONALISM

61
Q

Created the concepts of manifest and latent function and dysfunction

A

ROBERT MERTON

62
Q

Intended, recognized, and obvious beneticial outcomes
- Anticipated and intended goals deliberated to produce beneficial outcomes
WHAT FUNCTION?

A

MANIFEST FUNCTION

63
Q
  • Unintended and unrecognized consequences (positive or negative)
  • Unanticipated consequences of an action; they are not publicly acknowledged or intended.
    WHAT KIND OF FUNCTION?
A

LATENT FUNCTION

64
Q

societal agreement on whats the greater good and how to achieve it

A

SOCIAL CONSENSUS

65
Q

Argues that there are two types of social solidarity - mechanical and organic solidarity. WHO IS DAT?

A

EMILE DURKHEIM

66
Q

I GIVE UP, AGREE OR DISAGREE
TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRULY AGREE

67
Q

SOCIAL COHESION ACHIEVED BY DOING SIMILAR WORK.

A

MECHANICAL SOLIDARITY

68
Q

HOMOGENEITY OF INDIVIDUALS

A

CONFORMITY

69
Q

CONNNECTIO THROUGH SIMILARITY

A

COLLECTIVE CONSIOUSNESS

70
Q

SOCIAL COHESION THROUGH SPECIALIZED JOBS.
INTERDEPENDENCE OF INDIVIDUALS

A

ORGANIC SOLIDARITY

71
Q

STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF FUNCTIONALISM
STRENGTHS: F E
WEAKNESSS: I O

A

STRENGTHS: FOCUSES ONLY ON POSITIVE FUNCTIONS
EMPHASIZE SOCIAL INTEGRATION

WEAKNESSES: IGNORES CONFLICT AND DIVISION
OVER ENTHUSIASM IN VIEW OF SOCIETY

72
Q

the philosophy of mind is the doctrine that what makes something a mental state of a particular type does not depend on its internal constitution, but rather on the way it functions, or the role it plays, in the system of which it is a part.

A

(Just additional info) Functionalism

73
Q

Interactions are symbolic, our responses are based
on the meanings we assign to things - rocuses on
now socialiteractions and people assien meanies
to things around them based on the interpretation of their interactions with others

A

Symbolic interactionism

74
Q

The way to understand people

A

Verstehen

75
Q

Philosophy of politics
I R R E

A

Idealism
Rationalism
Realism
Extremism

76
Q

Thinks of ideas and tries to realize them
- Putting first the greater good in the use of power and influence. What philosophy of politics?

A

Idealism

77
Q
  • Example: Aspiring for a world without poverty
    What type of politics?
A

Idealism

78
Q

The power of reason over the reason of power
- Heavily based on logic. What philosophy of politics?

A

Rationalism

79
Q

Animal abuse is wrong, what type of philosophy of politics?

A

Rationalism

80
Q

Basec on facts and reality
- The exercise of power and influence should be built on reality. What type of philosophy of politics?

A

Realism

81
Q

Do not adhere to societal norms
- Having polarized beliefs related to political issues. What type of philosophy of politics

A

Extremism

82
Q

Example: The Abu Sayyaf Group
What philosophy of politics?

A

Extremism

83
Q

Represents beliefs, practices, artifacts, and almost all social aspects including language, customs, norms, values, technologies, organizations, and institutions
among others ~ defines who we are

A

Culture

84
Q

A group of people sharing a common territory and culture

A

Society

85
Q

The idea that one’s culture is above or superior to all others.

A

Ethnocentrism

86
Q

Acceptance and respective of the
ditterences from the memners of a
society - Recognizing that each culture is different

A

Cultural relativism

87
Q

Cultural Relativism in Mitigating Ethnocentrism

A

Ethnocentric behavior can be mitigated through recognizing and application of cultural relativism
- Cultural relativism can be practiced by recognizing that culture shapes what we consider beautiful, ugly, appealing, disgusting, etc., and that this should not
be the basis for evaluating other cultures
- It is important to have an open heart and an unbiased and critical mind to truly practice cultural
relativism
- Example: Colonialism was justified by ethnocentrism.
The way Europeans saw the natives as savage and uncivilized, they took it upon themselves to “civilize and tame” those they conquered through religion
and colonialism. Because of this, we saw now the Age of Exploration changed the history of the world where nose wno were conquered were Georived

88
Q

Considered a legacy (Legacy - what remains after time)
- Human creation intended to inform

A

Cultural heritage

89
Q

-Helps in understanding the way of living the
people of the past had and draw the landscape of what the world was

A

Cultural heritage

90
Q

Intangible heritage are?

A

Not nnvsical or concrete
- Exists intellectually in a culture
- Examples: Songs, myths, beliefs, superstitions, oral poetry, stories, traditional knowledge Threats

91
Q

Tangible heritage are?

A
  • Perceptible, touchable, concrete, or physical
  • Pnysical artifacts or objects significant to archaeology, architecture, science, or technology of a specific culture
  • Examples: Clothing, utensils, vehicles, documents, buildings
92
Q

Types of society
HG P H A I PI

A

Hunting and gathering
Pastoral
Horticultural
Agricultural
Industrial
Post- Industrial

93
Q

Farliest form of socierv
- Small number - usually having less than 50 members
~ Nomadic
- Survival through hunting, gathering edible plants, fishing, etc.
- Mutually dependent through equal division of labor based on sex (men - hunters, women - gatherers)

A

Hunting and gathering

94
Q

Rely on domesticating and breeding
or animals or rood and transporation -
Only move when land is not useable
- Allows job specialization

A

Pastoral

95
Q

Rely on the cultivation of crops to survive
- Forced to relocate when water supply decreases or resources are
Depleted

A

Horticulture

96
Q

Rely on technology to cultivate crops in larger areas
- Increase in productivity and allows people to stay in one area longer if there is an
abundance of food
- Towns and cities are formed. job specialization increases, and the economy becomes complex

A

Agricultural

97
Q

Use advanced sources of energy to run large machinery leading to industrialization.

A

Industrial

98
Q

Economy is based on services and technology, not production
- Economy is dependent on tangible goods
-brearer educarion recam ioorrant
- New communication tennologies allowed the variance of work locations
Aspects of Culture

A

Post industrial

99
Q

Elements of culture
B V L T N

A

Belief
Values
Language
Technology
Norms

100
Q

Elements of culture

A

Beliefs - conceptions or ideas people have about what is true in the environment around them. Mav be based on religion, common sense, folk wisdom,
science, or a combination of tnese.
- Values - What is appropriate or inappropriate in a given society. Broad, abstract, and shared to influence and guide societal behavior.
- Language - Shared set of spoken and written symbols Symbols - can be verbal or nonverbal). It is known as the storehouse of
culture.
- Technology - The application of knowledge and
equipment to ease living. Includes all artifacts, methods, and devices created and used by
people
- Norms - specific rules or standards to guide appropriate
benavior.

101
Q

Characteristics of culture

A
  1. Dynamic, Flexible, and Adaptive
  2. Shared and may be Challenged
  3. Learned through Socialization or Enculturation
  4. Patterned Social Interactions
  5. Integrated
  6. Transmitted through Socialization or Enculturation
  7. Requires Language and other forms of Communication
102
Q

How to avoid Ethnocentrism

A
  1. Study the cultural context in which action occurs
  2. Determine the circumstances of
    place, time, and condition surrounding it
  3. Look into the reasoning behind any cultural element
103
Q

Xenocentrism

A

Termed by john d fullmer.

104
Q

The tendency for one to give preference to the ideas, lifestyles, and products of other cultures as a result of exposure to different cultural
practices

A

Xenocetrism

105
Q

Who coined cultural relativism?

A

Franz boas

106
Q

Highlights the perspective that no culture is superior to
another in terms or morality, law, polties, etc
- Culture has equal value

A

Cultural relativism

107
Q

Types relativism

A

Moral
Situational
Cognitive

108
Q

Typ of relativism that ethiccs depend on a social construct

A

Moral relativism

109
Q

Right or wrong is Situational. What relativism?

A

Situational

110
Q

Truth has no objective standard. What relativism

A

Cognitive

111
Q

Claims of Cultural Relativists

A
  1. Different societies have different moral codes
  2. The moral code of a societv determines what is right or wrong within a society 3.
    There are no moral truths that hold for all people at all times
  3. The moral code of our own society nas no
    special status; it is one among many b. It is arrogant for us to judge other cultures. We should always be tolerant of them. (Understand lang)
112
Q
  • Branch of anthropology that deals with fossilized remains, primate beginnings, and evolution
A

Physical biology

113
Q

A specialized branch of anthropology utilizing primates or great apes such as chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans, for deriving an understanding of the human
evolutionar record

A

Primatology

114
Q

The belief that life and universe id created by God.

A

Creativionism

115
Q

a connection of the parts from the
Supreme God down to the last remains of things is mutually linked together and without break

A

Chains of being

116
Q

The creation dated back?

A

4004 BC

117
Q

Philosopher suggested that animals and plants can be extinct becuasse all things are linked together, true or false

A

False- philosophers suggested that animals and plants cannot be extinct because all things were linked together, and all things were necessary.

118
Q

Earliest and least known of the Robust
Australopithecines.

A

Aethiopicus

119
Q

Australopithecus that has large dentition and huge cheekbones.

A

Aethiopicus

120
Q

New australopithecine species

A

Robustus

121
Q

Existed in east and south africa between 2.5 mil and 1.4 mil years ago.

A

Robust Australopithecines

122
Q

Has larger teeth, massive jaw, and flatter face than A.
Africanus

A

Robustus

123
Q

Direct ancestors of humans

A

Hominids

124
Q

an early human ancestor characteristic suggesting that they primarily lived on trees before naving to move to me land terrestrialism aue to a reduction in food resources

A

Arboreality

125
Q

First direct ancestors of humans

A

Hominids

126
Q

First defined hominids

A

AUSTRALOPITHECUS

127
Q

Farlest australonirnecine snecies
- Found in some regions in Northern Kenya

A

GRACILE AUSTRA…

128
Q

Most represented australopithecine species

A

AFARENSIS

129
Q

“Southern Ape of Africa”

A

Australopithecus Africans

130
Q

HOMO SAPIENS APPEARED HOW MANY YEARS AGO

A

50,000

131
Q

THIS IS THE TIME WHEN CULTIVATION OF CROPS AND ANIMALS DOMESTICATIN STARTED

A

NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION

132
Q

THIS STARTED AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION

A

NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION

133
Q

ANIMAL DOMESTICATION STARTED AROUND?

A

10,000BCE

134
Q

THE EARLY CIVILIZATION STARTED IN?

A

INDUS VALLEY

135
Q

ANCIENT CITIES ARE?

A

HARRAPA AND MOHENJO-DARO

136
Q

system of government in which all the people of a state or polity

A

DEMOCRACY

Grade 12- Lessons (17 decks)

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