Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Where are eccrine glands found?

A

All over the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do eccrine glands produce? And what does it consist of

A

Sweat
It is a clear secretion that is primarily water but has some salts, vitamin C, metabolic wastes (ammonia urea, and uric acid), and lactic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does sebum do for the skin?

A

It contains a chemical that helps kill bacteria and prevents the bacteria on the skin surface from invading deeper regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Whitehead

A

If a sebaceous gland becomes blocked with sebum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Blackhead

A

If the accumulated material of the whitehead oxidizes and dries, it darkens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does hair do? (head, nose, eyes)

A

Guards the head against bumps, eyelashes shield the eyes, nose hairs help keep foreign particles out of the respiratory tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does brown toned skin have?

A

A lot of melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do light skinned people have?

A

Less melanin, the crimson color of oxygen rich hemoglobin in the dermal blood supply flushes through the transparent cell layers above (gives the skin a rosy glow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do eccrine glands contain?

A

Ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is important about eccrine glands?

A

It is a part of the body’s heat regulating equipment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the eccrine glands supplied with?

A

Nerve endings, it causes them to secrete sweat when the external temperature or body temperature is high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are the appocrine glands?

A

Mostly in the axillary (armpit) and genital areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are eccrine or appocrine glands larger?

A

appocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where do the appocrine glands empty into?

A

The hair follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do appocrine gland secretions contain?

A

Fatty acids, proteins, salts, vitamin C, metabolic wastes (ammonia urea, and uric acid), and lactic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What color are appocrine gland secretions?

A

Milky or yellowish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do appocrine glands create odor?

A

It is odorless until bacteria that live on the skin use its proteins and fats as a source of nutrition for their growth, then taking on a musky unpleasant odor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is hair?

A

A flexible epithelial structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is hair produced by?

A

The hair follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the hair root?

A

The part enclosed in the follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the hair shaft?

A

The part projecting from the surface of the scalp or skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the nail?

A

A scale like modification of the epidermis that corresponds to the hoof or claw of other animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the free edge?

A

The end white part of the nail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the nail body?

A

The visible attached portion (underneath is the basale)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the nail bed?

A

The part by the cuticle that is embedded in the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the nail matrix responsible for?

A

Nail growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How do nails grow?

A

As the nail cells are produced by the matrix they become heavily keratinized and die. Like hair, the nails are mostly non living material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are are sweat glands called?

A

Sudoriferous glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does sudor mean?

A

Sweat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where are sweat glands?

A

Widely distributed in the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How many sweat glands does a person have?

A

More than 2.5 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the two types of sweat glands?

A

Eccrine glands and apocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What do the sebaceous glands create?

A

Sebum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What prefix means grease?

A

Seb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is sebum made out of?

A

A mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells

36
Q

What does sebum do to the hair?

A

It is a lubricant that keeps the hair soft and moist and keeps it from becoming brittle

37
Q

What are the two types of cutaneous glands?

A

Sebaceous and sweat

38
Q

Where are sebaceous glands found?

A

All over the skin, except for hands and feet

39
Q

How do sebaceous glands excrete things?

A

Their ducts usually empty into hair follicles, but sometimes directly onto the skin surface

40
Q

What kind of glands are cutaneous glands?

A

Exocrine glands

41
Q

What do exocrine glands do?

A

They retain their ducts and their secretions empty through the ducts to the epithelial surface

42
Q

What do endocrine glands do?

A

They lose their connection to the surface, their secretions empty directly into the blood vessels

43
Q

What are endocrine glands called?

A

Ductless glands

44
Q

What three pigments contribute to skin color?

A

Melanin, Carotene, and oxygen

45
Q

What is carotene?

A

An orange/red pigment and is represented by the amount deposited in the stratum corneum and subcutaneous tissue

46
Q

What does oxygen do in the skin?

A

The amount bound to hemoglobin (pigment in red blood cells) in the dermal blood vessels

47
Q

What is the reticular layer and what does it contain?

A

Deepest skin layer; contains blood vessels, sweat and oild glands, and the pacinian corpuscles (deep pressure receptors)

48
Q

Where are the dermal papillae located?

A

On the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet

49
Q

How are dermal papillae arranged?

A

In definite patterns that form looped and whorled edges (fingerprints)

50
Q

What do the dermal papillae do to the epidermal surface?

A

Increases friction and enhances the gripping ability of the fingers and feet

51
Q

What do the dermal papillae contain?

A

Capillary loops

52
Q

What do the capillary loops in the dermal papillae do?

A

Furnish nutrients to the epidermis

53
Q

What do other dermal papillae house?

A

Pain receptors (free nerve endings) and touch receptors

54
Q

What is melanin?

A

A pigment that ranges from yellow to reddish brown to black

55
Q

How is melanin produced?

A

By cells called melanocytes

56
Q

Where is melanin found?

A

In the stratum basale

57
Q

How does skin turn tan?

A

When the skin is exposed to sunlight the melanocytes become stimulated and more melanin pigment is produced

58
Q

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis called?

A

Strata

59
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis?

A

Basale
Spinosum
Granulosum
Lucidum
Corneum

60
Q

How do the epidermis and dermis relate to each other?

A

THey are firmly connective

61
Q

How do the dermis and epidermis separate?

A

A burn or friction may cause them to separate, resulting in a blister

62
Q

Where is the subcutaneous tissue located?

A

Deep in the dermis

63
Q

What is the subcutaneous tissue called?

A

Hypodermis

64
Q

What are keratinocytes?

A

Keratin cells

65
Q

What do keratinocytes produce?

A

Keratin

66
Q

What is keratin?

A

The fibrous protein that makes the epidermis a tough protective layer

67
Q

What is the subcutaneous tissue made up of?

A

Adipose tissue

68
Q

Something specific about the subcutaneous tissue

A

Not considered a part of the skin

69
Q

What does the subcutaneous tissue do?

A

Anchors the skin to underlying organs

70
Q

What is the stratum basale?

A

Deepest cell layer of the epidermis and lies closest to the dermis

71
Q

What is special about the epidermal cells in the stratus basale?

A

Contains the only epidermal cells that receive adequate nourishment via diffusion of nutrients from the dermis

72
Q

What is constantly happening in the basale?

A

Cell division, millions of new cells are produced daily

73
Q

What is the stratum corneum?

A

The outermost layer of the epidermal tissue

74
Q

What is the stratus corneum also referred to as?

A

Cornified or horny cells

75
Q

What does cornu mean in Latin?

A

Horn

76
Q

How thick is the stratus corneum?

A

About 20-30 cell layers thick and accounts for 3/4 of the epidermal thickness

77
Q

What does keratin do in the stratus corneum?

A

Abundance of keratin creates a durable over coat

78
Q

What does the stratus corneum do?

A

Protects deeper cells from the hostile external environment and water loss, and helps the body resist biological, chemical, and physical assults

79
Q

What does avascular mean?

A

No blood supply of its own (like the epidermis)

80
Q

What is the dermis and what two regions does it consist of?

A

Dense fibrous tissue, the papillary and the reticular

81
Q

What does the papillary layer have in it?

A

It is uneven and has dermal papillae

81
Q

What is the papillary layer?

A

The upper dermal region

82
Q

What does the papillary layer look like?

A

It had finger like projections from its superior surface, and indents the epidermis

83
Q

What is the cutaneous membrane?

A

Our skin and the superficial epidermis

84
Q

What is the cutaneous membrane consisted of?

A

Keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium

85
Q

What is under the cutaneous membrane?

A

Mostly dense fibrous connective tissue

Anatomy (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions