Theories of Aging

Question 1

It is an explanation of a natural or social behavior, event, or phenomenon?

Answer 1

Theory

Question 2

What are the 5 Theories of Aging?

Answer 2

A. Biologic
B. Sociologic
C. Psychologic
D. Nursing
E. Moral/Spiritual

Question 3

It is concerned with answering basic questions regarding physiologic processes that occur in all living organisms over time.

Answer 3

Biologic Theories of Aging

Question 4

It is focused on roles and relationships within which individuals engage in later life.

Answer 4

Sociologic Theories of Aging

Question 5

It is influenced by both biology and sociology; addresses how a person responds to the tasks of his or her age.

Answer 5

Psychological Theories of Aging

Question 6

It helps to describe and explain phenomena; predicts and prescribes nursing interventions for the range of different situations encountered in the profession of nursing.

Answer 6

Nursing Theories of Aging

Question 7

It examines how an individual seeks to explain and validate his or her existence.

Answer 7

Moral/Spiritual Theories of Aging

Question 8

What are the two main divisions of the BIOLOGIC theories of aging?

Answer 8

Stochastic
Non-stochastic

Question 9

This explains aging as events that occur randomly and accumulate over time.

Answer 9

Stochastic theories

Question 10

This view aging as certain predetermined timed phenomena.

Answer 10

Non-stochastic theories

Question 11

What are the 4 examples of Stochastic theories of aging?

And the 2 Non-stochastic theories of aging.

Answer 11

1. Error Theory
2. Free Radical Theory
3. Cross – Linkage Theory
4. ## Wear and Tear theory
5. Programmed Theory or
   Hayflick Limit Theory
6. Immunologic Theory

Question 12

A stochastic theory of aging which is based on the idea that errors can occur in the
transcription of the synthesis of DNA.

Answer 12

Error Theory

Question 13

A stochastic theory of aging that directed to free radicals as byproducts of metabolism. When these byproducts accumulate, they damage the cell membrane, which decreases its efficiency.

Answer 13

Free Radical Theory

Question 14

A stochastic theory of aging which hypothesizes that with age some proteins become increasingly cross – linked or enmeshed and may impede metabolic processes by obstructing the passage of nutrients and wastes between the intracellular and extracellular compartments.

Answer 14

Cross – Linkage Theory

Question 15

A stochastic theory of aging which proposed that cells wear out over time because of continued use.

Answer 15

Wear and Tear theory

Question 16

A non-stochastic theory of aging which asserts that aging is an essential and innate part of the etiology of humans and that aging is programmed into our body systems.

Answer 16

Programmed Theory or Hayflick Limit Theory

Question 17

A non-stochastic theory of aging which asserts that the process of human aging is a mild and generalized form of a prolonged autoimmune phenomenon.

Answer 17

Immunologic Theory

Question 18

What are the 6 SOCIOLOGICAL theories of aging?

Answer 18

1. Disengagement Theory
2. Activity/Developmental
   Task Theory
3. Continuity Theory
4. Age Stratification Theory
5. Person – Environment Fit
   Theory
6. Exchange theory

Question 19

“Aging is an inevitable, mutual withdrawal or disengagement resulting in decreased interaction between the aging person and others in the social system he belongs to.”

Answer 19

Disengagement Theory

Question 20

Havighust proposed the idea that aging successfully is related to staying alive. This theory is based on the supposition that older people remain psychologically and socially fit if they remain active.

Answer 20

Activity/Developmental Task Theory

Question 21

The theory proposes that how a person has been throughout life is how the person will continue to be through the remainder of life.

Answer 21

Continuity Theory

Question 22

This theory views the aging person as an individual
element of society and also as a member, with
peers, interacting in a social proves.

Answer 22

Age Stratification Theory

Question 23

This theory proposed by Lawton(1982), examines the concept of interrelationships among the competencies of a group of persons, older adults, and their society or environment.

Answer 23

Person – Environment Fit Theory

Question 24

People tend to maximize rewards of social interaction while minimizing costs. Two people will continue to interact if it is to the social profit of each.

Answer 24

Exchange theory

Question 25

What are the the 5 PSYCHOLOGICAL theories of aging?

Answer 25

1. Maslow’s hierarchy of
   Human needs
2. Jung’s Theory of
   Individualism
3. Erikson’s Eight Stages of
   Life
4. Selective Optimization with
   Compensation
5. Robert C. Atchley

Question 26

Is a motivational theory in psychology comprising
a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as
hierarchical levels within a pyramid.

Answer 26

Maslow’s hierarchy of Human needs

Question 27

In this theory, it is at the onset of middle age that the person begins to question values, beliefs and possible dreams left undone. The phrase “midlife crisis,” popularized by this theory.

Answer 27

Jung’s Theory of Individualism

Question 28

The major focus of development in this theory is with an individual’s ego structure, or sense of self, especially in response to the ways in which society shapes its development.

Answer 28

Erikson’s Eight Stages of Life

Question 29

This theory’s central focus is that individuals develop certain strategies to manage the losses of function that occur over time.

Answer 29

Selective Optimization with Compensation

Question 30

Development occurs when adults use life experiences to select personal aspects to develop and to select activities in which to engage.

Answer 30

Robert C. Atchley