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pharm exam 2 > Specific Medications > Flashcards

Specific Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Misoprostol

A

Medication given to protect stomach from getting ulcers while taking NSAIDS

DO NOT GIVE TO PREGNANT WOMEN

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2
Q

Asprin (ASA)

A

A silicylate (NSAID)- moderate pain & inflammination. Also used to prevent blood clots

Causes REYES SYNDROME

tinnitus, hyperventilation, seizures

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3
Q

Ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, meloxicam

A

NSAIDS (COX 1 & COX 2)

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4
Q

Ketorolac (Toradol)

A

NSAID (COX 1 & COX 2) common use

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5
Q

CELECOXIB

A

-Selective COX 2 Inhibitor
-created for OA, less GI problems, but big risk for thromboembolism

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6
Q

Acetaminophen (APAP)

A

NOT AN NSAID- DOES NOT HAVE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT

-mild pain and fever
-hepatoxicity

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7
Q

Acetylcysteine

A

Antidote for acetaminophen

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8
Q

COLCHICINE

A

Acute episodes of GOUT
(NSAIDS, STEROIDS as well)

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9
Q

ALLOPURINOL

A

-xanthine oxidase inhibitor (lowers formation of uric acid)
-PO daily for chronic gout

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10
Q

PROBENECID

A

-increases excretion of uric acid
-PO BID for chronic gout (2nd Line)
-Take 1000mg of vitamin C per day

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11
Q

Morphine

A

Prototype drug to other all opioids

  1. Draw dose from vial
  2. Dilute with ATLEAST 5ml (sterile water or saline)
  3. Administer 2.5-15mg over 5 MINUTES
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12
Q

Fentanyl

A

100x more potent than morphine

IV OR PATCH

Cancer, severe post-op pain, or anesthesia induction

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13
Q

Hydromorphine

A

Trade name- Dilaudid (synthetic morphine)

IV, tabs, liquid

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14
Q

OXYCODONE

A

oxycotin, percocet, percodan

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15
Q

HYDROCODONE

A

vicodin, hycodan, lortab

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16
Q

MEPERIDINE

A

Trade name- demerol

No longer drug of choice or recommended past 48 hrs.

accumulation of normeperidine- renally toxic metabolite

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17
Q

CODEINE

A

Alone is CII but combo is CIII

Good cough suppressant

Must be 18 years of age

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18
Q

Methadone

A

opiate addiction withdrawal or pain relief

half life is longer than duration of action (24hr dosing)

high death with overdose

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19
Q

TRAMADOL

A

mild-moderate pain

CAN CAUSE SERATONIN SYNDROME

Contraindictions- kidney or liver dysfunction, elderly, people with seizures

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20
Q

NALOXONE

A

OPIATE ANTIDOTE

IV, IM, SQ, PO, OTC, TOPICAL (INHALED)

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21
Q

BUPRENORPHINE

A

Opiate addiction treatment

PO, SL, IMPLANT X 6 mos.

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22
Q

Midazolam, alprazolam, lorazopam, diazepam, clonazepam

A

Benzodiazepines

Do not take with alcohol or other downers

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23
Q

Flumazenil

A

Antidote to benzos

24
Q

Penobarbital, Phenobarbital

A

Barbituates

also used as anticonvulsant

25
Q

Eszopiclone, zolpidem

A

-NON-BDZ

Lunesta, Ambien

Amnesic events in sleepwalking

26
Q

diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine

A

Antihistamines

-newer and safer trend for sleep

27
Q

dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, concerta, daytrana, lisdexamfetamine

A

Amphetamines

increase release of NE & dopamine

-narcolepsy, ADHD, appetite suppression

28
Q

Atomoxetine

A

Strattera

Non-stimulant for ADHD

Suicidal tendencies

29
Q

Clonidine

A

help patients sleep who are on stimulants for ADHD

30
Q

Mathylxanthine

A

Caffeine

Used for premies to reduce apnea

31
Q

modafinil, armodafinil

A

less addictive use for narcolepsy

32
Q

Phenytoin

A

Drug of choice for any tonic/clonic type seizure

GINERGIVAL HYPERPLASIA and hepatotoxic

IV- diluted and not exceed 50mg/min

imcompatible with dextrose

33
Q

Fosphenytoin

A

PRODRUG- once in body converts to phenytoin

IV- 150mg/min

34
Q

Carbamazepine

A

2nd most perscribed antiepiletic

STEVEN JOHNSON SYNDROME

35
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Anticonvulsant

STEVEN JOHNSON SYNDROME

36
Q

Valproic acid

A

Anticonvulsant

37
Q

DIAZEPAM

A

Benzo used for anticonvulsant

STATUS EPILEPTICUS

38
Q

Succinylcholine

A

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

rapid intubation

MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA

39
Q

pancuronium, vecuronium, rocuronium

A

Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers

40
Q

Neostigmine

A

Antidote for non-depolarizing neurouscular blockers “curoniums”

41
Q

Dantrolene

A

Antidote for malignant hyperthermia

only medication that acts directly on skeletal muscles

42
Q

Cyclobenzaprine, methocarbamol, baclofen, dantrolene

A

muscle relaxants

do not take with alcohol, benzos, other sedatives

43
Q

sumatriptan, eletriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan

A

Migraine medications

DO NOT USE WITH NICOTINE (OTHER VASOCONTRICTIVES)

44
Q

lamotrigine, gabapentin, divalproex, propranolol

A

Migraine prophylaxis

45
Q

high-dose steroids, oxygen (12L/min, triptans, ergots

A

Cluster headaches

46
Q

NSAIDS and tricylic antidepressants

A

Tension headaches

47
Q

Levodopa/carbidopa

A

Parkinson’s (Dopaminergic)

48
Q

Pramipexole, rotigotine, ropinirol, apomorphine

A

non-ergot dopamine receptor agonists

Parkinsons

49
Q

tolcapone, entacapone (COMT inhibitors)

A

Parkinsons

Only given with levodopa

50
Q

Benztropine

A

Anticholinergic used in Parkisons

51
Q

pyridostigmine, neostigmine

A

Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis

52
Q

Edrophonium

A

Tensilon test for dignosing myasthenia Gravis

MUST HAVE ATROPINE ON HAND

53
Q

Atropine

A

Antidote for cholinergic crisis
(too much acetylcholine)

54
Q

Prednisone

A

Drug of choice for Bell’s Palsy
(Steroids)

55
Q

Rivatigmine, donepezil, galantamine

A

Alzheimer’s Disease
1st choice
cholinesterase inhibitors

56
Q

]

memantine

A

NMDA receptor antagnoist
Alzheimer’s disease
2nd choice

pharm exam 2 (9 decks)

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