TOLD

Question 1

Vcef

Answer 1

Critical Engine Failure

• Speed at which one engine can fail and the same distance is required to either continue to accelerate to lift-off speed or abort to stop.

Question 2

CFL

Answer 2

Critical Field Length

• Length of runway required to accelerate on all engines to (Vcef), experience an engine failure, then either continue to lift-off or stop.

Question 3

Vmcg

Answer 3

Minimum Control Speed Ground

• 88 KTS
• Min control speed during takeoff run, at which, when an engine has failed and the other at TRT, it is possible to maintain directional control +/- 25 ft with three wheels on the runway and not exceeding 180 lbs of rudder force.
• PRIOR TO Vmcg PRIMARY FLIGHT CONTROLS ARE NOT EFFECTIVE
• Crosswinds and RCR may increase Vmcg

Question 4

Vmca

Answer 4

Minimum Control Speed Air

• 89 KTS
• Min control speed in the T/O config out of ground effect, with one engine at TRT and the other out
• aircraft trimmed for T/O
• 5 deg AOB into operating engine
• 180 lbs rudder force

Question 5

Vr

Answer 5

Refusal Speed

• Max speed that can be attained with normal acceleration, from which a normal stop may be completed within the available runway length

Question 6

Vb

Answer 6

Maximum Braking Speed

• 14.8 MILLION FOOT-POUNDS
• Max speed the acft can be brought to a stop without exceeding the maximum designed brake energy
• acceleration check should be chosen with the speed resulting below Vb

Question 7

Take-off acceleration check

Answer 7

• Should be adjusted to be at least 10 KIAS less than S1
• Always compute with split markers (S1 < Vrot)

Question 8

S1

Answer 8

Go/No-Go Speed

• Committed to T/O at or above S1
• Equal to or greater than the higher of (Vcef) or (Vmcg)

Question 9

Vrot

Answer 9

Rotation Speed

• from taxi attitude to a lift off attitude
• Vmcg < Vrot

Question 10

Reference Zero

Answer 10

Distance to 50 ft

If S1 = Vrot:
T/O ground run + T/O flare = Reference Zero

If S1 < Vrot:
Critical Field Length + T/O Flare = Reference Zero
–> Compute acceleration check speed

Question 11

Take-off speed

Answer 11

“The speed which permits attaining the obstacle climb-out speed at or before reaching the 50 ft obstacle height above the runway”

Question 12

TRT

Answer 12

Take-off Rated Thrust

• Max allowable thrust (determined by % N1)
• Limited to 5 min

Question 13

MCT

Answer 13

Maximum Continuous Thrust

• Max allowable thrust (determined by % N1) with no time limit
• adjusted every 5k ft

Question 14

Vco

Answer 14

Climbout Speed

• scheduled single engine climbout speed
• based on 1.2 times the stall speed at the T/O weight
• should be obtained prior to 50 ft
• WITH BOTH ENGINES OPERATING, CLIMBOUT AT (Vco) + 10

Question 15

Vt

Answer 15

Final Segment Climb Speed

• Flaps 10: (Vco) + 15
• Flaps 0: (Vco) + 5
• Climbout speed from 400 ft (1500 optional) above airfield elevation to the end of the take-off flight path
  –> 125% of stall speed at T/O weight

Question 16

S1 Equation

Answer 16

Vmcg, Vcef ≤ S1 ≤ Vr, Vrot, Vb

Question 17

What do you need to be legal to takeoff per the 11-2T-1 V3?

Answer 17

6,000 ft min for takeoff (may NEVER be lower than CFL)

Question 18

What do you need to be legal to land per the 11-2T-1 V3?

Answer 18

6,000 ft min for takeoff (may NEVER be lower than computed landing distance)

Question 19

Assumptions for T/O data (IFG)

Answer 19

• No tailwind
• No slope
• Anti-skid on
• 1500 climbout profile

Question 20

What distance from the AF/D are you particularly concerned with during a touch and go?

Answer 20

LDA