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college > biology 1150 test two ( basic chemistry and water ) > Flashcards

biology 1150 test two ( basic chemistry and water ) Flashcards

1
Q

which of the following has the smallest size

a. neuron
b. molecule of glucose
c. atom of oxygen
d. cell

A

a. neuron

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2
Q

the number of electrons always equals

a. number of neutrons
b. number of protons and neutrons
c. number of protons
d. none of the above

A

c. number of protons

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3
Q

isotopes differ in number of electrons

a. true
b. false

A

b. false

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4
Q

atomic theory says

A

all living and non living things are made up of atoms

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5
Q

atoms are made of

A

sub atomic particles (protons, neutrons, & electrons)

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6
Q

what does the atomic number tell us

A

number of protons

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7
Q

common elements found in organisms are (6)

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur

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8
Q

the shell closest to the nucleus can hold ___ electrons

A

2

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9
Q

what does the atomic mass tell us

A

number of protons plus neutrons

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10
Q

what are covalent bonds

A

when atoms share electrons

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10
Q

stable atom means

A

outmost shell is full

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11
Q

what are ionic bonds

A

when atoms transfer electrons

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12
Q

what is a non-polar covalent bond in hydrogen molecule

A

electrons are superimposed on the bond to indicate that they are halfway between the two atoms, shared equally

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13
Q

what is a polar covalent bond in water molecules

A

electrons are not shared equally so partial charges exist on the O and H atoms

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14
Q

which is more electronegative

a. oxygen
b. hydrogen

A

a. oxygen

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15
Q

protons have a ____ charge

A

positive

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16
Q

electrons have a ____ charge

A

negative

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17
Q

neutrons have ____ charge

A

no

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18
Q

neutral atom has

A

same number of electrons and protons

19
Q

atoms form bonds with other atoms to ____

A

become stable

20
Q

the ____ of water makes it a great solvent

A

polarity

21
Q

how does a water molecule form

A

oxygen atom covalently bonds with two hydrogen atoms

22
Q

hydrogen bonds form because

A

hydrogen atoms from one water molecule are attracted to the oxygen atoms of other water molecules

23
Q

hydrogen bonds are _____ than covalent bonds

A

weaker

24
Q

human body is made up of ___% water

A

67

25
Q

water serves as the _____ to chemical reactions to occur

A

media

26
Q

water is polar and electrons are _____ ______ oxygen

A

pulled toward

27
Q

hydrogen bonds form between _____ molecules

A

water

28
Q

define cohesion binding

A

binding between like molecules (water to water)

29
Q

define adhesion binding

A

binding between unlike molecules (water with glass)

30
Q

transportation of materials in the blood occurs due to

A

cohesion and adhesion binding properties

31
Q

water has _____ capacity for _______ energy

A

high / absorbing

32
Q

solid water is _____ dense than liquid water

A

less

33
Q

molecules are ________ __________ in ice

A

evenly spaced

34
Q

molecules are ________ _______ in liquid form water

A

closer together

35
Q

when placed in water, acids release _______ ions

A

hydrogen

36
Q

when placed in water, bases release ________ ions

A

hydroxide

37
Q

the lower the ph the ______ the acidity

A

higher

38
Q

the higher the ph, the ______ _______ the solution

A

more basic

39
Q

water can act as both an acid and a base

a. true
b. false

A

a. true

40
Q

pure water pH is

A

7

41
Q

pH > 7

A

base / alkaline

42
Q

pH < 7

A

acidic

43
Q

weak bonds formed between water molecules are ______ bonds

a. covalent
b. compound
c. hydrogen
d. ionic

A

c. hydrogen

44
Q

what property of water provides the cooling effect of sweating

a. cohesiveness
b. high heat capacity
c. high heat of vaporization
d. surface tension

A

c. high heat of vaporization

44
Q

most body fluids are found in which range of the pH scale

a. 1-5
b. 6-8
c. 9-14
d. all body fluids are 7

A

b. 6-8

45
Q

solution a has a pH of 6. solution b has a pH of 9. which is false

a. solution a have more H+ than solution b
b. solution b is basic and solution a is acid
c. both solutions a and b are acids
d. solution b has more OH- than H+ ions

A

c. both solutions a and b are acids

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