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Botany > Morphology Of Flowering Plants > Flashcards

Morphology Of Flowering Plants Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of angiosperms

A

Presence of roots and stems and leaves and flowers and fruits

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2
Q

Taproot system- ____ plants
Fibrous root system____ plants

A

Dicot
Monocot

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3
Q

The tap root system consists of ?

A

Primary root and its lateral branches of several orders

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4
Q

Fibrous root system consists of?

A

Short lived primary root which gets replaced by a large number of roots which arise the base of the stem

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5
Q

What are adventitious roots

A

Roots that arise from parts of a plant other than the radicle

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6
Q

Examples of adventitious roots

A

Grass
Banyan tree
Monstera

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7
Q

Functions of roots

A

Synthesis of plant growth hormone regulators
Absorption of water and minerals from the soil
Storage of reserve food material
Providing anchorage to plant parts

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8
Q

Examples of root modification for food storage

tap root-
adventitious root -

A

Carrot and turnip
Sweet potato

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9
Q

Roots coming out of a banyan tree

A

Prop roots

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10
Q

Supporting roots that come out of lower nodes of the stem of some plants
Example

A

Stilt roots
Sugarcane , maize

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11
Q

Roots to get oxygen for respiration :
name
plant example

A

Pneumatophores
Rhizophora

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12
Q

The root is covered at the apex by a thimble like structure called?

A

Root cap

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13
Q

Region above root cap is

A

Region of meristematic activity

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14
Q

Cells in region of meristematic activity are ?

A

Small, thin walled, dense protoplasm

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15
Q

Region above region of meristematic activity is

A

Region of elongation

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16
Q

____ is responsible for growth of the root

A

Region of elongation

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17
Q

The zone proximal to region of elongation is?

A

Region of maturation

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18
Q

Root hairs arise from which part of the root

A

Region of maturation

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19
Q

The region where leaves are born are called _____, while the portion between two nodes is called_____

A

Nodes
Internodes

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20
Q

Types of buds in a stem

A

Axillary and terminal

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21
Q

The main function of the stem is?

A

to spread out branches bearing fruits , flowers , leaves .

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22
Q

Other functions of the stem is?

A

Conducts water and minerals
Photosynthates

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23
Q

Underground storage stem modification examples

A

Potato, ginger , turmeric, zamikand, colocasia

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24
Q

Underground stems also act as?

A

Organs of perennetion

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25
Q

Stem tendrils develop from ……
Help plants to ……
example-

A

Axillary buds
climb
gourds ( cucumber, watermelon, pumpkin) and grapevine

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26
Q

Stem tendrils are a feature of which family ?

A

Cucurbitaceae (gourd family)

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27
Q

……buds of stems are modified into woody, straight, pointed thorns, which may be found in ….. and ……. They help protect the plants from ……

A

Axillary
Citrus
Bougainvillea
Browsing animals

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28
Q

Some plants of ……. regions modify their stem into flattened(……) or fleshy cylindrical (……..) structures which contain chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis

A

Arid
opuntia
Euphorbia

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29
Q

Underground stems are found in?

A

Grass
Strawberry

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30
Q

In plants like ….. and …… a slender branch
arises from the base of the……. axis and after growing aerially for some time , arch downwards to touch the ground

A

Jasmine
Mint
Main

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31
Q

A lateral branch with short internodes and each node bearing a rosette of leaves and a tuft of roots is found in aquatic plants like ……. And …….

A

Pistia
Eichhornia

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32
Q

In ….. and ……. and …….. the lateral branches originate from the …… and underground portion of the main stem grow horizontally beneath the soil and come out, obliquely upward, giving rise to leafy shoots .

A

Banana
Pineapple
Chrysanthemum
Basal

33
Q

The …… is a lateral, generally flat and structure borne on the stem

A

Leaf

34
Q

Leaves originate from ? And are arranged in what order

A

Shoot apical meristem
Acropetal order

35
Q

Which part of the plant is the most important vegetative organ for photosynthesis?

A

Leaf

36
Q

Three parts of a leaf

A

Leaf base
Petiole
Lamina or leaf blade

37
Q

The …… may bear two lateral small leaf like structures called ……..

A

Leaf base
Stipules

38
Q

In …….., the leaf base expands into a sheath covering the stem, partially or wholly

A

Monocotyledons

39
Q

In some …….. plants, the leaf base may become swollen which is called the …….

A

Leguminous
pulvinus

40
Q

Veins provide …….. to the leaf blade and act as channels of ……. for ………

A

Rigidity
Transport
water, minerals and food materials .

41
Q

Veins form a network: …….. :: veins run parallel to each other : ……..

A

Reticulate venation
Parallel venation

42
Q

Venation:
Dicots-
Monocots-

A

Reticulate
Parallel

43
Q

Are there incisions in a simple leaf . If so, how are they present?

A

Yes
The incision do not reach up to the mid rib

44
Q

A bud is present in the ….. of petiole in both simple and compound leaves

A

Axil

45
Q

Two types of compound leaves with example

A

Pinnately compound leaves -neem
Palmately compound leaf - silk cotton

46
Q

Common axis or midrib of pinnately compound leaf is called

A

Rachis

47
Q

What is the common point of attachment of? Pinnately compound leaf

A

Tip of petiole

48
Q

What is phyllotaxy

A

Pattern of arrangement of leaves on the stem or branch

49
Q

Alternate phyllotaxy examples

A

Sunflower , china rose , mustard

50
Q

Opposite phyllotaxy examples

A

Guava , calotropis

51
Q

Whorled phyllotaxy examples

A

Alstonia

52
Q

Leaf modifications- ( with examples)
Climbing -
Storage -
Defence -

A

Leaf tendrils- peas
Fleshy leaves - Onion and garlic
Spines - cacti

53
Q

In what plant are the leaves small and short lived and the petals expand and become green to perform photosynthesis

A

Australian Acacia

54
Q

Insectivorous plants are modifications of which part of the plant
Give examples

A

Leaf
Venus flytrap, pitcher plant

55
Q

A flower is a modified ….. where in the …… changes into floral meristem

A

Shoot
shoot apical meristem

56
Q

When a shoot tip transforms into a flower, it is always ……..

A

Solitary

57
Q

Arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is termed as what

A

Inflorescence

58
Q

In racemose type of inflorescence-
Main axis-
Flowers are borne -

A

Continues to grow
Laterally in acropetal succession

59
Q

In cymose inflorescence
Main axis-
Flowers are borne-

A

Terminates in a flower
Basipetal order

60
Q

The ….. is the reproductive unit of angiosperms

A

Flower

61
Q

A typical flower has four different kinds of whorls arranged successfully on the swollen end of a stalk or …….. called ……… or ………

A

pedicle
receptacle
Thalamus

62
Q

Calyx-
Corolla -
Perianth

A

Sepals
Petals
Tepals

63
Q

In some flowers like …….. the calyx and Corolla are not distinct and are termed as ……..

A

Lily
Perianth

64
Q

A flower having both androecium and gynoecium -
A flower having either on-

A

Bisexual
Unisexual

65
Q

Androecium (aka) -
Gynoecium ( aka) -

A

stamens

carpels or pistil

66
Q

Flower with Radial symmetry is called -
Examples

A

Actinomorphic
Datura , mustard, chilli

67
Q

Bilateral symmetry -
Examples -

A

Zygomorphic
Pea , Gulmohar , bean , cassia

68
Q

Asymmetric flower example-

A

Canna

69
Q

A flower may be- ……. , …….. or ……… when the floral appendages are in multiples of 3,4,5 respectively

A

Trimerous,
tetramerous,
pentamerous

70
Q

What are bracts

A

Reduced leaves at pedicle

71
Q

Flowers with bracts-
Without bracts -

A

Bracteate
Ebracteate

72
Q

Hypogynous flower-
Ovary -
Other parts of the flower-
Examples

A

Superior
Below the ovary
Mustard , china rose, bringal

73
Q

Perigynous-
Ovary-
Other parts of the flower -
Examples-

A

Half inferior
Rim of thalamus
Plum , peach , rose

74
Q

Epigynous flower
Ovary-
Other parts of flower -
Examples -

A

Inferior
Arise above ovary
Guava , cucumber

75
Q

In what type of flower the margin of the thalamus grows upward, enclosing the ovary completely and getting fused with it

A

Epigynous flower

76
Q

in pistia and eichhornia stems are modified to form what?

A

Offsets

77
Q

In mint and jasmine , a lateral branch that arises from the base of the main axis is called?

A

Stolon

78
Q

In banana , pineapple and chrysanthemum lateral underground stem arising from main axis is called?

A

Suckers

Botany (4 decks)

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